69 pages • 2 hours read
Karen M. McManusA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
Twins play a major role in the plot of the story; Sadie and Sarah are twins, as are Ellery and Ezra. In both cases, their personalities are very different, and Ellery thinks often of how she is similar to Sarah, who disappeared, and expects that the tragedy of Sadie and Sarah might repeat itself in her and her brother. The book opens with a discussion that includes an offhand remark about being the wrong twin, only for that idea to be the summation of the book’s final tragedy. To Ellery, being a twin means being marked for tragedy.
Though similar to the motif above, a sense of things echoing, repeating, or mirroring each other is just as pervasive and distinct in the book. Malcolm and Ellery are coping with the same kind of trauma; Daisy and Sadie both suffer from survivor’s guilt; the past repeats itself in Lacey and then Brooke’s murder. Even the name, Echo Ridge, is deliberate in its assertion that violence reverberates across generations.
In Chapter 19, Ellery observes a broken Hummel figurine of a little girl that belongs to her Nana. Sadie broke it, but Sarah took the blame. This “broken girl” comes to symbolize many of the young women in town, including Ellery herself; the story of the figurine also foreshadows the answer to Sarah’s disappearance. Throughout the book, Ellery grapples with the idea that if she can save someone or provide answers to why a young woman was harmed, then she will have done something important for the legacy of Sarah. The final broken girl, Katrin, complicates that idea: She’s guilty of trying to conceal her father’s crimes, but she is no less a victim of his controlling nature than the others. In the end, the narrative suggests that Ellery’s idea about brokenness was too simplistic, and part of her growth will be coping with that realization.
Throughout the book, direct and inferred references to pop culture serve as both texture and shorthand for understanding the characters. Some of them even factor into the plot, such as Defender, a thinly veiled pastiche of Robocop or The Terminator that Sadie stars in. The pop culture references mirror the kinds of snap judgments that high schoolers typically make about what’s cool and what’s not—when a person is growing up, they naturally attach themselves to the world around them as they figure out who they are.
An interesting twist to this idea is the nature of the threats that take place around town. Though they are genuinely threatening, they are often imbued with the kind of cliché symbology (baby dolls, fake blood, torn-up photos) that seems more suited to slasher films than a grounded thriller. At one point, the characters even lampshade this (a term used to mean calling attention to a cliché plot element in a story as a way to address its implausibility while still employing it) by calling the threats too obvious, so when it’s later revealed that Viv was behind many of them, it all clicks into place: They were cliché because Viv only has a pop-cultural understanding of malice.
By Karen M. McManus