14 pages • 28 minutes read
Billy CollinsA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
There is a theory in psychology called contrast theory in which things are only truly understood through experience of their counterpart. What this implies is that we do not know fully understand the experience of something until we have experienced its opposite. Cold, for example, isn’t completely grasped until we have had the experience of warmth. If all we’ve ever experienced is cold, then cold becomes the neutral temperature, and we can only adjust our experience based on that neutral idea. As the months of winter drag by, the speaker of the poem may feel as if they have forgotten just what the warmth of spring is like. Every day is gray and cold, so that simply becomes their existence and their expectations for the day. However, when that first warm day of spring finally arrives, the experience of warmth is so novel and exciting that they are overcome. The transition from spring to summer or autumn into winter is a gradual slide that isn’t noticed much, but the change from winter to spring is punctuated by sudden bursts of color in the landscape where there was nothing but gray and brown for months. The contrast is so stark that it feels like a time of celebration when the weather finally turns for the better.
Winter can often feel oppressive, especially in locations that experience severe cold. Months of being sequestered from the snow and ice can feel much like a prison. The speaker of “Today” feels as if they have been cooped up in the house all winter long, and they have longed to escape from the inside. This feeling plays out in the releasing of the canary from its cage in Lines 5-6 and the people from the paperweight is Lines 11-16. The speaker is so desperate to be free that they violently release everything in the house that is trapped. While the speaker cannot stop winter from coming again, they can at least ensure nothing is ever trapped in that house again.
People can get carried away sometimes when emotions run high. It doesn’t matter whether these emotions are usually accepted as positive or negative, when they bubble up to the surface they can overwhelm and resist common sense or control. Though modern experiences with ecstatic violence bring to mind crimes of passion or rioting in the streets after a hard-won sports victory, the concept has certainly been around for as long as people have been populating this planet. Religious cults were built around the Roman god Dionysus, and the women (and some men) who joined them were known to go wild in the throes of religious ecstasy, for example. In “Today,” the speaker is only letting his emotions get away from him in his mind, but he understands after a long dreary winter the first warm day of spring can be positively delightful. So much so that it’s difficult to articulate those emotions through words. Ecstatic violence is the only way to express the extreme pleasure the speaker experiences in the beauty of the spring and the emotional relief the speaker feels at the winter finally being behind them.
By Billy Collins