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53 pages 1 hour read

C. S. Lewis

Till We Have Faces

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1956

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Chapters 19-21

Part 1

Chapter 19 Summary

Orual tells us that the preparations for her combat with Argan seemed endless. Despite Bardia’s misgivings, she insists on fighting while veiled. As she leaves the palace, Orual is reminded of the day that Psyche was sacrificed and wonders if she, too, is a kind of offering; is that what the god meant when he said that she will also be Psyche?

 

The lords of Glome think she will lose the fight, but the ordinary people are excited; win or lose, this will be a day of great entertainment for them. A bull is sacrificed to Ungit, and Orual and Argan promise to keep to their agreement.

 

The battle finally begins, and Trunia turns pale when he realizes that Orual is his champion. The men from Phars laugh at her, and Argan fights lazily at first, thinking that he will easily defeat her. Realizing Orual’s skill, however, he quickly begins to pay more attention. For Orual, the fight doesn’t seem real, and she soon kills Argan, wondering if killing someone for the first time is like losing your virginity.

 

She finds herself surrounded by people and feels overwhelmed; she longs for peace and solitude, but she must address the men of Phars. She announces that, as per her arrangement with Argan, Trunia is now king of Phars.

 

Bardia tells her that she must host a feast, but Orual is concerned that after the recent famines, there won’t be enough food. He reminds her that she recently slaughtered a pig and suggests that with enough wine, the men will overlook the quality of the food.

On the journey back to the palace, Trunia is full of praise and begs to see her face; Orual refuses but admits that she enjoys his flirtation and that “for the first time in all my life (and the last) I was gay” (106). This happiness, she tells us, was just a trick of the gods.

 

At the palace, Bardia receives a message that his wife is in labor, and he tells Orual that he must return home. Orual is distressed and drained of happiness by the news but doesn’t let this show; she gives Bardia her finest ring as an offering to Ungit in return for a safe delivery.

 

Orual’s first feast is also her last: she never sits through another one as she finds them boring and the men’s eating habits disgusting. Overwhelmed by her longing for both Psyche and Bardia, she goes to bed as soon as she can. In her room, she thinks she can hear a girl crying and asks Poobi to close the window, thinking it is the sound of chains rattling in the well. 

Chapter 20 Summary

The day after the battle, they burn the old king. The day after that, Trunia and Redival are engaged and marry a month later. The third day after the battle, all the strangers ride off, and Orual’s reign begins. Her story must now pass quickly over the years of her rule, in which she became more Queen and less Orual.

 

Orual rejects most of the stories about her rule as false, claiming that they are a patchwork of her deeds and those of a legendary Northern queen. She has only fought in three wars and her only act of real valor was saving Bardia when he was surrounded.

 

She attributes her success as queen to two things: the quality of her advisers—the Fox, Bardia, Arnom, and a nobleman named Penuann—and her veil. She tells us that as less people remembered what she really looked like, wild stories circulated about what her veil hid, with some even suggesting that she had no face at all. As a result of these rumors, her reputation becomes mysterious and awful.

 

Over the years, Orual moves her quarters around the palace, trying to escape from the crying sound she thinks is caused by the chains in the well, but to no avail. Eventually she has the well walled up, and the sound of crying stops. She never stops searching for Psyche.

 

She makes significant changes in the palace and in Glome. She revises Glome’s laws, makes the silver mines profitable and improves the river to ease drought and enable trade. She also gets to know the nobility of Glome and to “live as a queen should” (111). 

She tasks the Fox with acquiring a library for the palace, and he begins to teach Arnom, and some of the other nobles, how to read. Despite his advancing age, he is also writing a history of Glome. When he dies, Orual gives him a kingly funeral.

 

The part of her rule she hates the most are her religious duties. She thinks that Ungit has weakened since Arnom became Priest; he has changed the old ways and even has a woman-shaped image of Ungit set up in front of the old shapeless stone they had always worshipped. Orual thinks of this new statue as “a defeat for the old, hungry, faceless Ungit” (112).

 

Orual works for years, trying to distract herself from the “nothingness” (112) she feels, but eventually she is overcome by the monotony of her life and resolves to travel for a while. Taking Bardia’s son, Ilerdia, and Poobi’s daughter, Alit, as well as various other servants with her, she leaves Glome three days later. 

Chapter 21 Summary

Orual tells us that her reason for telling this story happens at the end of it. She relates her travels in neighboring kingdoms, which include a visit to Trunia and Redival in Phars. It has been agreed that Trunia’s second son, Daaran, will inherit Orual’s throne.

Having visited a natural hot spring, the group makes camp and Orual goes in search of a temple whose bell she has heard pealing. She finds a small temple dedicated to a goddess whose image is rendered in pale, unpainted wood with a black scarf covering her face. The scarf reminds Orual of her own veil, which is white, and she prefers this temple to the House of Ungit in Glome.

 

A Priest enters and asks Orual if she would like to make an offering. She gives him some coins and asks the goddess’s name. He tells her it is the goddess Istra.

Orual remarks that she has never heard of a goddess called Istra. The Priest says she is a very young goddess who began as a mortal woman and, for the price of a silver coin, he offers to tell her the sacred story of how Istra became a goddess.

 

As he relates the story of the most beautiful of three sisters, Orual realizes that he is telling the story of Psyche. However, the Priest’s story is different from the story Orual knows: he tells her that both of Istra’s sisters visited her on the mountain and that, even though they could see the wondrous palace of the god, they were driven by jealousy to force Istra to look upon her husband’s face.

 

Orual thinks the gods have shaped this story to mock her, and she is writing this book in response. She rejects completely the idea that she is jealous of Psyche and wonders “how many of the other sacred stories are just such twisted falsities as this” (116).

 

The Priest continues his story, explaining that after her husband banished her, Istra was taken in by his mother, Talapal—another name for Ungit—who forces her to do a number of seemingly impossible tasks. Eventually, she is released, reunited with her husband and made a goddess.

 

Orual returns to the camp with all her peace “shattered” (117) and realizes it cannot be restored until she has told her own story. She spends the journey home trying to recall it, “letting Orual wake and speak” (118). However, once they reach Glome, she is distracted by the work that has piled up in her absence, and she is too annoyed to be worried that Bardia is ill and bed-ridden.

 

She commands her reader to judge between her and the gods, saying that if they strike her down instead of answering her, then the world will know it “is because they have no answer” (119).

Chapter 19 – Chapter 21 Analysis

Orual’s battle with Argan secures her the throne of Glome, but she soon learns that it is not enough to fight, she must also arrange a feast: “my sword not yet wiped from the blood of my first battle before I found myself all woman again and caught up in housewife’s cares” (106). Orual has not swapped a woman’s role for a man’s in becoming queen of Glome; instead, she must perform both.

 

Trunia’s flirtation with her is Orual’s first insight into the air of mystery that her veil grants her, and she enjoys his attention. However, she cannot risk revealing herself to another person; she has been hurt too badly before. Instead she remains a virgin queen whose throne will pass to her nephew Daaran, a boy she “could have loved…if I had let myself….But I would never give my heart again to any young creature” (114). The fact that she continuously hears Psyche crying suggests that no matter how much she denies Orual and becomes the Queen, she will always be haunted by the loss of her sister and the part she played in her exile.

 

The love she feels for Bardia has become increasingly obvious throughout the novel, and she is disappointed when he leaves her to be at his wife’s side. When she later meets his wife, Ansit, she wonders if the other woman is jealous that she, Orual, gets to be “in his man’s life” (111). Here, she suggests that she is not the only one who lives her life in “two halves” (72) and that many people make divide their lives between love and duty.

 

Her account of her rule of Glome shows her to be a fair and considerate queen, but eventually, Orual must rest. Her ability to rest is marred, however, upon hearing the Priest’s story of Istra. The Priest’s tale is the traditional story of Psyche and Cupid, of which Lewis’s novel is a retelling. In it, blame for Psyche’s—or Istra’s—exile is placed squarely on her sister’s shoulders. In their jealousy, they urge her to look upon her husband’s face in the hope of spoiling her happiness. It is the accusation of jealousy against Psyche that most infuriates Orual and that prompts her to lay a charge against the gods. She argues that the Priest’s story belongs to “a different world, a world in which the gods show themselves clearly and don’t torment men with glimpses” (116).

Orual resents the fact that the thing she longed for most—proof of the god’s palace and, therefore, of the gods’ existence—was denied to her in life but not in the story, which instead accuses her of jealousy and malice. This is the “central knot” (116) at the heart of Orual’s complaint. 

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