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37 pages 1 hour read

Martin McDonagh

The Pillowman

Fiction | Play | Adult | Published in 2003

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Act IIIChapter Summaries & Analyses

Act III Summary

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of murder (including child victims), child abuse, sexual abuse, suicide, and graphic violence (including police brutality).

Katurian sits in the interrogation room with Ariel and Tupolski, quickly writing his formal confession as the officers read it over his shoulder. He writes that he buried the third child where his parents are buried, near a wishing well by his house. In exchange for the confession, Ariel and Tupolski agree to save Katurian’s stories in his case file. Ariel is particularly hostile to Katurian after the confession, explaining that he has a personal hatred for child abusers. Despite this, Katurian somehow knows that he can trust Ariel to keep his stories safe. As Ariel is about to hook Katurian up to a battery to electrocute him as a form of torture, Katurian guesses that Ariel was sexually abused by his parents. Tupolski and Ariel are taken aback by how Katurian was able to guess this correctly. Tupolski reveals that he was also a victim of child abuse at the hands of his violent father. Katurian presses Ariel for details about his father, and Tupolski tells him that Ariel murdered his father by suffocating him with a pillow.

Tupolski realizes that since the girl in “The Little Jesus” was buried alive, the girl Katurian purports to have buried may still be alive as well. Ariel leaves to alert the forensics team that the girl might still be living. While Ariel is gone, Tupolski tells Katurian a story of his own. In Tupolski’s story, a young deaf boy walks along a railroad. A train is coming behind him, but the boy can’t hear it. An old man atop a tower in the distance sees that the boy will be hit if he doesn’t move, so he throws a paper plane from the tower at just the right time and angle such that the boy jumps off the railroad to catch it, narrowly avoiding being hit by the train. Tupolski says that the old man in the tower represents himself—as a detective, Tupolski saves innocent people from criminals. Like the man in the tower, he does this work thanklessly and at a distance. Tupolski tells Katurian that he likes his story “The Pillowman,” and Katurian correctly guesses that Tupolski once lost a child of his own in an accident.

Ariel returns in a state of shock. A happy, healthy little girl trails after him. Ariel says the girl was found by the wishing well with a few piglets and a can of green paint. Ariel, Tupolski, and Katurian all realize that the girl was a part of a reenactment of “The Little Green Pig” instead of “The Little Jesus.” Ariel and Katurian are relieved that the girl is alive, but Tupolski seems annoyed that the investigation went awry. Katurian admits that he didn’t kill any of the children. Since Katurian’s confession was a lie, Tupolski says he will not hold up his end of the deal, and he will burn Katurian’s stories. Ariel no longer wants to execute Katurian, but Tupolski insists. He puts a hood over Katurian and says he will count down from 10 before shooting him, but he shoots Katurian in the head after only seven seconds. Tupolski leaves the room, commanding Ariel to burn the stories.

In his last seven seconds, Katurian mentally composes a new story. In this story, the Pillowman visits Michal as a child and tries to convince him to end his life. Michal refuses, opting to endure a life of anguish since his suffering leads Katurian to write all his stories. Katurian meant to finish the story with an unhappy ending—Michal’s suffering would all be for nothing because the officers will burn Katurian’s stories anyway. Since he’s shot a few seconds too soon, however, Katurian doesn’t get to the ending. Ariel decides to save the stories in Katurian’s case file.

Act III Analysis

The play’s closing scene ties together several of its key themes. The last story Katurian composes encapsulates his view on the ultimate value of art above all else. In this story, Michal chooses a life of suffering so that Katurian’s stories can exist. Because the story is cut short, it ends on a more positive note than Katurian intended. As it turns out, the inadvertently “happy” ending to Katurian’s story is factually accurate, since his stories don’t end up destroyed as he expected they would. In the world of The Pillowman, reality reflects art, and in turn, art reflects reality. The art in this case is the story unfolding in Katurian’s imagination, the events of which are played out in real life when Ariel decides not to burn the stories. Since neither Katurian nor Ariel is aware of the other’s actions or thoughts at this time, it’s impossible to say whether the story influenced reality or vice versa—the point is that it doesn’t matter, both can be true.

Tupolski’s shooting Katurian a few seconds early and thus ending the story prematurely calls into question the effectiveness of Art as a Form of Resistance Against Authoritarianism. The officers have control over Katurian and Michal’s fates and over Katurian’s stories. Shooting Katurian too soon changes the story Katurian was composing, and Ariel—in his capacity as a representative of state power—decides whether to let the stories continue to exist. The power these officials have over art, ideas, and voices is oppressive and dangerous. Ultimately, though, Ariel’s choice to save the stories proves that humanity’s recognition of the value of art can persist even in the face of such an authoritarian regime.

The play’s final act further explores The Impact of Abuse and Trauma on individuals and society. Each character is revealed to have developed different coping mechanisms as a result of their unique traumas. Ariel develops a personal vendetta against child abusers while also becoming an abuser himself. Tupolski’s extreme emotional detachment seems performative once he reveals that he was abused as a child and lost his own son—these events clearly affect Tupolski, though he refuses to admit their influence, instead going to great lengths to repress his true emotions.

The motif of children remains central in the final act. Ariel’s father failed to protect his innocence as a child, so now Ariel considers himself dedicated to protecting children. Tupolski’s story about the deaf child on the train tracks reveals his own passion for the same cause. The girl who turns out to be alive and well poses a counterpoint to the play’s main idea that children are often failed and harmed by selfish adults, and the circumstances around her survival highlight Michal’s own childlike innocence. She proves that Michal never specifically set out to torture and kill children; he really was just re-enacting Katurian’s stories out of innocent curiosity and misguided playfulness.

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