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35 pages 1 hour read

Linda Sue Park

The Kite Fighters

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2000

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Chapters 13-16Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 13 Summary

The day of the kite festival arrives, and the brothers are nervous as they walk to the park, counting nines for good luck. A royal procession brings the King to a platform, from which he will observe the competition with the judges. The King announces the start of the festival and surprises the crowd by breaking tradition: He begins with the wishing kite ceremony, rather than ending with it. The King releases his wishing kite, painted with the phrase “bad luck—go!” (103), and the crowd releases theirs as well, hoping to banish bad luck for the year. With this, the boys’ competition begins and they line up to begin flying. Each pair of fighters flies until someone gets their kite knocked down, their line cut, or until a fighter steps out of their designated area. Young-sup’s dragon kite is the most admired kite in the competition and he cuts his first opponent’s line in under a minute.

Chapter 14 Summary

Young-sup continues to sever the lines of his next two opponents. After his third win, the judges call him up to the royal platform and ask him about his technique. He tells him about his special line, and after a close inspection, the judges allow him to continue. During his fourth match, it takes much longer for him to cut his opponent’s line, until a strong gust of wind finally knocks the kite free.

Kee-sup runs over to him after the match, and they inspect the line and realize their pottery mixture has been rubbed away. Luckily, in his next match, the few spots that still have the mixture make contact with his opponent’s line and Young-sup wins easily. However, the brothers see that Young-sup’s own line is beginning to fray.

Young-sup is adamant about keeping the line for his final round with Hee-nam, but Kee-sup insists that they need to cut the frayed section out so that his brother can fly with a strong line. Young-sup reluctantly trusts his brother and helps him re-tie everything. While they work, their father approaches them. He acknowledges that “so far [the kite] has been well flown,” and reminds Young-Sup to “honor [their] name” (116).

Chapter 15 Summary

Young-sup feels his mind “go to sleep” during the final match against Hee-nam, while his body successfully executes his well-practiced maneuvers. The match is immediately intense, with Hee-nam trying to knock Young-sup’s kite to the ground. As the match goes on, Young-sup starts feeling exhausted. When he spots Kee-sup on the edge of the crowd, he imagines his reassuring voice urging him to cut Hee-nam’s line.

On his 12th attempt at cutting the line, Young-sup loses his balance and falls out of his designated circle at the same time Hee-nam’s kite is cut free. There is confusion and chaos in the crowd while the judges confer to determine the winner. The crowd starts to chant Kim’s name, but soon Young-sup hears his father start chanting “Lee” until others catch on and soon everyone is chanting both names. Young-sup watches Hee-nam approach the judges and talk to them, and when he returns, he bows to Young-sup, indicating that Young-sup is the winner.

Chapter 16 Summary

Hee-nam admits that he felt his line break right before he saw Young-sup fall. Hee-nam finally introduces himself, compliments Young-sup on his skill, and invites him to fly together sometime. The Lee family then watches the men’s match together, enjoying their picnic. After the final round, the King announces the winners to the crowd. Before Young-sup joins the King and the men’s winner on the platform, he respectfully thanks his brother for all his help.

In another break with tradition, the King invites the kite makers of the winning kites, Kee-sup and Kite Seller Chung to join everyone on stage. The King goes on to tell the legend of General Kim Yu-sin, who flew a lantern in the sky to inspire and motivate his soldiers to win an important battle. Starting a new closing tradition, soldiers hand the King and the two pairs on stage a kite with a lantern. Once they light and launch these lantern kites, the soldiers launch hundreds more, creating a beautiful spectacle in the sky for the crowd to enjoy.

Chapters 13-16 Analysis

The concluding section of the book provides the suspenseful climax and joyful resolution of the long-awaited kite fights. Both brothers “count nines” on the way to the festival, showing that even superstitious rituals might ease their anxiety. Park creates an anticipatory mood with descriptive language of Young-sup’s nerves: By his final match, “his insides were boiling and freezing at the same time, and the terror he felt seemed to be screaming out with every step he took” (118). Despite these overwhelming sensations, Young-sup imagines his brother reassuring him, demonstrating just how much he trusts and loves Kee-sup and reemphasizing the theme of Family and Brotherhood. The power of their brotherhood motivates Young-sup to fight fiercely in his last match, remembering “that more than anyone else it was his brother who deserved his best efforts now” (120). In trusting his brother, Young-sup also learns to trust his own abilities, cutting Hee-nam’s line skillfully without the help of the augmented pottery line. Park draws out the suspense of the last match by making the winner unknown, but the pause in announcing the winner allows Rice Merchant Lee time to demonstrate just how much he loves his son. A “man of few words,” Lee finally uses his voice to chant for his son, showing not just Young-sup, but everyone at the festival, how proud he is of his second-born.

The brothers’ departure from tradition paid off; Young-sup’s win proves Kee-sup right about Young-sup’s skills and proves to their father that some circumstances call for a different approach to traditional ways. The king also suggests this by adding a new ceremony to the closing of the kite fights. By inviting the kite makers up with the winners, he reminds the people of Seoul that collaboration is critical to success, and that “no one ever wins alone.” Not only did the Lee brothers prove to their father that birth order should not matter for representing the family, but they prove it to everyone at the festival too. In this demonstration, they appeal to conventional ways of thinking at the time and highlight their individual Identity as kite maker and kite flyer, instead of first- and second-born sons. The new lantern kite ceremony combines a beloved traditional story with a new ritual, showing that even in such a rigid society, there is room for innovation and change. With the help of their unlikely friend, the king, Young-sup and Kee-sup gain a more nuanced understanding of honor, their brotherhood, and their own individual identities.

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