32 pages • 1 hour read
Luis Alberto UrreaA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Big Angel wakes up late on the morning of his mother’s funeral. He feels his body running out of time. He sees the ghost of his father on the end of the bed, smoking a cigar, and then vanishing. Big Angel wakes up his wife and daughter, who fly into chaos preparing themselves for the funeral. Big Angel, who is terminally ill and can’t move well anymore, waits for his family to dress him and brush his hair. He reflects on his work ethic and his need to avoid living on “Mexican time.” At work he insisted on the title El Jefe, the boss, though it also translates to the father. He recalls the many decades his family has lived in California. His grandfather, Don Segundo, crossed the border with his injured wife on the back of his horse at the end of World War I. Big Angel feels overwhelmed with emotion at these thoughts while watching his wife and daughter ready themselves for the day.
As the family prepares for the funeral of Mamá América, perspective shifts between Big Angel; Minnie, his daughter; and Lalo, his youngest son. Big Angel reflects on his working life as the network manager of a gas company. He prided himself not on his work but on his status: “A Mexican doing what these rich Americanos couldn’t was the point” (15). His siblings mocked him for wanting to “be a gringo” (14). Both Big Angel and Lalo reflect on time and how it continues to slip away from them. Lalo speaks more casually, using slang that reflects his ex-military background and tentative sobriety. Minnie wishes someone would find her sexy again, noting the way her father flirts with her mother. She has a roaring hangover and resents her father for always preferring her brothers, dead and alive, to her. Finally, the family piles into the minivan and pulls into dense traffic. Big Angel realizes that his tardiness is just another way he has failed to prove himself to his mother.
It becomes clear that Big Angel has postponed his mother’s funeral to coincide with his birthday party, an event planned many months in advance, to avoid asking the family to take two trips to San Diego. Little Angel flies in from Seattle early and drives around the city looking for record stores now long out of business. He parks for a while in the lot of the club where his father used to play piano and reminisces on his father’s dual lives—piano bar playboy and married janitor. Perla then steps in to narrate Big Angel’s heroism while visiting his dying mother. She remembers leaving La Paz with her two fatherless sons to marry Big Angel. She rode on a bus with little food for four days, was groped by policemen, and ended up in Tijuana, land of rabid dogs and rich gringos.
For Perla, Big Angel will always be a hero because he saved her, though the rage that allowed him to rescue her came out on her children. She thinks, “Families came apart and regrouped […]. Like water. In this desert, families were like water” (36). In the final scene, Perla and Big Angel’s sisters watch over their dying mother in the hospital. They call in Big Angel to preside over her death in her final moments. He arrives, looking close to death himself, and forces himself to walk without aid to his mother’s room. When he announces to his dying mother that he has come, she chastises him and then dies. Big Angel pays the priest and leaves.
The novel establishes its perspective from the beginning. Urrea uses third-person limited point of view to illuminate the perspectives of various family members. Their perspectives are further differentiated by uses of slang and changes in tone: Lalo speaks in a thick slang, Minnie speaks more casually, and Big Angel speaks like a philosopher.
In these early chapters, Urrea is investigating the nuances of Mexican-American identity. Big Angel talks about “Mexican time,” his work ethic, and how his siblings mocked him for wanting to “be a gringo” (14). There is a chasm between Mexican and American identity that Urrea begins to explore here.
The themes of looming death and immortality are also present in these first chapters. Big Angel sees the ghost of his father in the very first scene of the book, symbolizing both death and a life after death. The ghost of Braulio also appears in the form of a memory shared between Minnie and Lalo. The family members are on their way to a funeral, and the presence of death is everywhere; it hangs over the family, though most characters ignore it.
Perla steps in to narrate and introduces the theme of love, resilience, and family life. In talking about the sacrifices she made for her family, Perla sets the stage for Urrea’s portrayal of familial love and betrayal. Perla says, “Families came apart and regrouped […]. Like water” (36). This play between coming apart and regrouping carries throughout the book as characters step away from and come to terms with each other.
By Luis Alberto Urrea