63 pages • 2 hours read
Haruki MurakamiA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
The protagonist goes back to the coffee shop at 6 to meet the woman for their date. He offers to cook for her at his home and she agrees. As they eat, she tells him about her life. Though her marriage was good at first, it withered. After her husband had an affair, she divorced him, and now cannot trust her emotions with men. After her divorce, she took her money and bought the coffee shop, telling no one where she was going.
The protagonist walks her home in the cold and finds himself remembering his walks home with the girl from the library in the walled-in town. Time and reality blur, and he tells the woman without being specific how he struggles in love, sick of trying again and again, though always feeling like a part of his heart does not work. At her door, he asks her out again and she agrees.
On his walk home, the protagonist is distracted and is surprised to find himself walking to the library. When he arrives, he goes to the subterranean office and finds the woodstove lit. He expects to see Mr. Koyasu, but the ghost is absent. As he waits, the protagonist considers whether he feels sexual desire for the coffee shop woman. He finds that he does but cannot determine if his feelings for her amount to love. He thinks of his lost girlfriend and expects that all the love in his life was used up on her. Just before midnight, Mr. Koyasu appears.
My. Koyasu apologizes, saying that he is weakening and believes the time for him to disappear permanently is near. The protagonist asks Mr. Koyasu for advice on whether it is ethical to help M** cross over to the walled-in town. Mr. Koyasu explains to the protagonist that he cannot bring the boy to the town and that it is also not his responsibility to do so. Mr. Koyasu asserts that the town is real, but different for each person. Through the protagonist’s explanations of the town, M** created his own version in his mind, and now must find his own way to it. The protagonist can help him, but the boy, who is strong and will survive, must discover what that help looks like. Mr. Koyasu begins to fade, and he tells the protagonist that this will be the last time they see each other. When he disappears, the protagonist feels a profound sense of loss.
** does not return to the library for days, worrying both the protagonist and Mrs. Soeda. They soon discover that M** disappeared the night before, seemingly from his bed, there being no evidence he left his house. M**’s father comes to the library to meet with the protagonist. M**’s father explains his son’s close relationship with Mr. Koyasu and admits that he never forged such a connection with his son. M**’s father heard that M** spoke with the protagonist and wants to know what about. The protagonist carefully explains that M** overheard him speaking to someone about a fictional town, and that he became obsessed with it. M**’s father knows about the town, having discovered M**’s map. The protagonist tells M**’s father that he believes it is unlikely M**’s obsession with the walled-in town is related to his disappearance, though he is privately sure it does.
M** remains missing, even after a police investigation. Though he has no evidence, the protagonist is sure the boy made it to the walled-in town. He thinks of how M** will be a better Dream Reader than he was, with his wealth of knowledge and powers of concentration. The woman from the coffee shop calls the protagonist to tell him that the older brothers of M** came into the coffee shop to ask her if she knew M**. She tells them he came into the shop one day to speak with the protagonist. She tells the protagonist to expect a visit from them soon and convinces him to come visit her at the shop.
At the coffee shop, the woman tells the protagonist that she wants to talk and asks if he can meet her when she closes the shop at 6. When he returns later, the protagonist watches the woman close the shop. She then smokes a menthol cigarette and drinks a glass of whiskey, calling it her end-of-day ritual. She expresses some anxiety about speaking with him before asking if he is interested in her sexually. When the protagonist says that he is, she is pleased, but confesses that she does not want to have sex, never having had any interest in it. She asks if the protagonist will continue seeing her despite this, and he agrees that he will. While she speaks, he remembers his teenage girlfriend, who told him that she wanted to be his but that her body and heart were in different places. He feels different times mixing together, and a new sadness arises in his heart.
The two brothers of M** meet with the protagonist to ask him about the fictitious town M** was obsessed with. They share their father’s theory that M** was spirited away, as the lack of evidence supports the idea that he disappeared, rather than died, though neither agrees that this really happened. The protagonist describes the town as well as he can, and the brothers ask many questions. They want to know why M** was obsessed with the town. The protagonist suggests that the lack of social skills that hinder M** in reality would not impact him in the walled-in town. He also believes M** would find an importance in reading there that he does not have in this world. The brothers entertain the idea that M** did make it to the town. The younger brother, a medical student studying neurosurgery and psychology, believes the wall of the town represents a person’s consciousness, and that like consciousness, the town is hidden.
In a dream, the protagonist wanders through a forest, searching for something. He encounters an abandoned building and enters to find a strange door. Inside, he finds a large, wooden doll. The doll looks like M** and wears his Yellow Submarine parka. The protagonist realizes that the boy left this behind so he could enter the walled-in town. The doll whispers, “More,” and when the protagonist leans in to hear, the doll bites his earlobe. The protagonist wakes, and though there are no marks on his ear, the pain is real. He believes M** was giving him a message.
The protagonist cannot determine what M** meant by this bite, and goes to the coffee shop the next morning. There, he asks the woman to look at his ear. She tells him there is no mark, and he asks her out for dinner again, feeling as though her attention heals him. At the library, the protagonist struggles to focus on work and watches as his office changes form. The walls come alive, as if they belong to an organ, and the dimensions of the room become distorted. He feels that the dream begins to bleed into reality and that the pain in his ear exists in two worlds.
At 6:30 that evening, the protagonist returns to the coffee shop. The woman is reading Love in the Time of Cholera by Gabriel García Marquez, and she tells the protagonist that she loves how he blends the real and unreal. The protagonist explains that this is magical realism, but she insists that with Marquez, it is all realism. The protagonist and the woman order a pizza and eat it at the coffee shop. Afterward, they go upstairs to her apartment and are soon kissing on the couch. He asks if she is comfortable with him waiting for her to be ready for sex.
He believes he is good at waiting, but on his walk home he wonders what he waits for. He surmises that possibly he was waiting for this coffee shop woman. He does not have the same intense feelings for her as he did his high school girlfriend, but he believes that, being older, and with less time ahead, he wants something different and more tender with her. He wishes he could speak with Mr. Koyasu and hear his advice. The protagonist thinks of the wall that lies between reality and unreality that allowed him to see Mr. Koyasu.
That night, the protagonist passes through that wall into unreality. He finds himself ankle deep in the river he played in as a child. It is summer, and as he walks upstream, he becomes younger, though his mind remains that of his mid-forties self. When he reaches a sandbank, he is 17 again and sees his high school girlfriend. He follows her up onto the sandbank and sits down next to her. He feels time freeze in this moment and wants to stay in it forever. When he holds her hand, he feels them become one. As the sun sets, he notices that he has no shadow, though he does not panic, sure it will be back soon. His girlfriend looks right at him and says, “The two of us are nothing more than someone else’s shadows” (406). The protagonist wakes, pulled back into reality.
The City and Its Uncertain Walls explores Heartbreak as a Source of Lasting Transformation, as the loss of love changes character’s perceptions of themselves. After romantic heartbreak, both the protagonist and the coffee shop woman struggle to trust others and themselves. They doubt their own abilities to love and trust another person. The coffee shop woman doubts that her emotions, no matter how strong, can protect her from being hurt again:
But what I found more trying than getting divorced was that I was no longer sure of my emotions […]. I felt like no matter what man I might meet later on, and maybe even marry, and no matter how much I felt I loved him, the same thing might happen all over again (328-29).
The coffee shop woman cannot trust herself to fall in love anymore, worried that the man she is with will betray her. Her own understanding of her identity as a romantic partner shifts, as she loses faith in love itself, and loses a sense of control. This sense of control was always illusory—the loss of her first love broke the illusion of love’s permanence, and without that illusion, she cannot take the leap of faith to enter a new romantic partnership. Both she and the protagonist are beginning to understand that the possibility—even the inevitability—of heartbreak is a core condition of love, and that love cannot exist without the risk of loss.
Just as the protagonist struggles with the dual realities of the mountain town and the walled-in town, so too does he at times struggle to distinguish between past and present. As he begins to draw closer to the coffee shop woman and considers beginning a relationship with her, thoughts of his teenage girlfriend begin to arise. The protagonist finds striking similarities between these moments and begins to blend them together, feeling emotions and thoughts decades apart in one moment. This intersection of memory and the present offers the protagonist a moment of reflection: “It’s something that’s already lost, already disappeared somewhere. I was just arbitrarily overlapping two separate images, from different times and different places. Not exactly the right thing to do” (338). He realizes that he should not be comparing his different experiences or allowing the past to dictate his present. As his feelings of sexual desire for the two different women become one, accompanied by the guilt he felt as a teenager, the protagonist confronts The Interdependence of Time, Memory, and Identity. He begins to realize that his former, younger self still influences him, as the loss of his teenage girlfriend changed the trajectory of his life. Even decades later, with a different woman, he is drawn backwards, and he becomes the same person, unable to move on.
As the protagonist explores The Intersection of Reality and Imagination, his understanding of their separation develops. He at first knows only one reality, but then after experiencing a second, he struggles to understand what keeps them apart and why he slips from one to the other. He also struggles with what his own experiences tell him. His experiences in the walled-in town feel so real that he struggles to tell which of the two worlds is real. After M**’s disappearance, the protagonist debates with himself about what stands between his realities. He comes to think of it as a wall, but one whose exact shape and location cannot be fixed on any map: “What is real, and what is not? In this world is there really something like a wall separating reality from the unreal? […] It’s an entirely uncertain wall. Depending on circumstances and the person, its texture, its shape transforms. Like some living being” (399). The wall between reality and imagination is malleable and reacts to individual people and situations. The protagonist believes that the walled-in town exists in his consciousness and developed through his chats with his teenage girlfriend, meaning it is the reality that represents their relationship. He also believes that the town will be slightly different for M**, based on of his own understanding of the town and his needs from it. The allusion to Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s novel Love in the Time of Cholera in Chapter 61 encapsulates this blurring of the boundary between real and unreal. When the protagonist describes the book as a work of magical realism, the coffee shop woman interjects, insisting that with Marquez, everything is realism. Though some of the novel’s events are impossible according to the laws of the material world, in the novel, everything happens with equal realness. Similarly, the protagonist’s experiences are all equally real to him even though some of them take place in a world bound by different rules than those of the material world.
By Haruki Murakami