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55 pages 1 hour read

Elizabeth Strout

The Burgess Boys

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2013

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Book 3Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Book 3, Chapter 1 Summary

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of substance use, death, racism, and pregnancy loss.

Susan has always blamed herself for Zach’s friendlessness and lack of direction in life. Before having children, she had envisioned herself first having three girls and then a son. When she lost a pregnancy, she felt her entire future unraveling. When Zach was an infant, both Jim and Susan’s mother agreed that Zach looked strange. He was bullied throughout school, and though IQ tests revealed that he was intelligent and without any learning difficulties, Zach muddled through with below-average performance.

With the loss of his job, Jim and Bob both suggest that Zach find ways to keep busy. Susan searches for volunteer opportunities, but none pan out. Jim suggests that he enroll in a college course, but Charlie Tibbetts insists that he wait until the next semester because he is sure to be recognized.

Christmas comes and goes, and Charlie is certain that the delay in developments in his case is a good sign—it will be forgotten and blow over. In January, however, the district attorney’s office files charges against Zach for a civil rights violation.

Book 3, Chapter 2 Summary

Helen is taking care of some tasks around the house—grateful that all her children have come home for Christmas after all—when she discovers that the diamond in her wedding ring is missing. She calls Bob, who comes over to help her look for it. She is frantic, as she and Jim have plans to attend an opera with Dorothy and Alan that night.

While they are searching, Jim comes home in a rage, having learned the news of the civil rights charge from Susan. He calls the district attorney’s office, attempting to use his sway to change their minds. Hanging up, he complains that he will need to return to Maine to help Susan prepare Zach for the hearing. Bob offers to go in Jim’s place, realizing that he and Susan will never escape Shirley Falls.

As Bob walks home, he recalls the fight with Jim at the end of their Maine trip, in which Jim insulted Pam and told Bob that Pam had once hit on him. Bob continues to wonder if the latter is true, missing Pam terribly and disliking being single.

At the opera, Helen tries to talk with Dorothy. She has been worried that they have not seen the couple socially since the trip to St. Kits, but Jim assures her that it is because they are occupied with family counseling, still having difficulty with their daughter.

Book 3, Chapter 3 Summary

The hearing begins with Assistant State Attorney General Diane Dodge representing the state. Abdikarim Ahmed and a man named Mohammed Hussein testify to their experience in the mosque when the pig’s head was thrown in. Zach takes the stand as well, clearly scared. He asserts that a Walmart co-worker took him to a slaughterhouse that he owned and gave Zach the pig’s head for fun. Zach stored it in his mother’s basement freezer, though he asserts that he is unsure why he took it in the first place. He says that he thought it might be fun to display at Halloween.

The judge finds Zach guilty of a civil rights violation and places him on probation. So long as Zach abides by the terms of the probation, he will not incur fines or jail time.

After the hearing, Bob rides back to Susan’s house with Margaret Estaver, the Unitarian minister. She confides in Bob that Jim’s appearance at the rally harmed Zach more than it helped—she explains that both the attorney general and the governor were upset that Jim left immediately after speaking. She feels, too, that Jim calling the district attorney’s office after Zach was charged only angered them further.

Book 3, Chapter 4 Summary

Pam and her husband attend a dinner party. She thinks about how much she enjoys living in New York and how Jim once insisted that she was not brave enough to do so. During dinner, one of the guests brings up Zach’s hearing. Pam remains silent about her connection to him, though she is eager to know the details of the hearing. As the party continues, she thinks about Zach and the Burgess family, finally admitting to herself that being a part of their family was truly the best time in her life.

Dorothy has lunch in Manhattan and sees Jim there with his paralegal. She is careful not to let them see her, certain that Jim is having an affair.

Book 3, Chapter 5 Summary

Abdikarim cannot sleep at night because he continues to suffer nightmares about the death of his son in Mogadishu. The next day, he goes to see Margaret Estaver at the Unitarian church.

Susan is leaving work in late February when Charlie Tibbetts calls to tell her that Zach will be charged with a federal hate crime. At home, Zach has made dinner, and after they eat, Susan gives him this news. He is upset, though Susan tries to reassure him that Jim and Bob will help him. Zach points out that Jim has done nothing to help so far.

Book 3, Chapter 6 Summary

Helen, eager to find a way to spend time with Jim, suggests that they see something on Broadway that weekend. Jim agrees, and Helen proceeds to make the plans. She decides to make a doctor’s appointment, just to make sure that everything is okay. She calls a few friends to see if anyone is available to have lunch, but when no one is, she heads out by herself.

Over her lunch, Jim calls to say that Zach has disappeared. He has left Susan a note. Jim is preparing to leave for Maine immediately, and Helen asks to join him.

Book 3, Chapter 7 Summary

Susan calls the police chief despite Jim and Charlie telling her not to. The chief believes that Zach has left of his own accord and tells Susan that a missing persons report cannot be filed until 24 hours have passed.

Jim, Helen, and Bob arrive but can do little to comfort Susan. Jim and Helen check in to a hotel, and Bob stays at Susan’s house. Helen, especially, is not sure what to do with herself. Jim tells her that she is free to return to New York if she likes.

While Jim goes to Susan’s house, Helen walks through town, stopping to look at a war memorial. In the early evening, Bob arrives at the hotel and pours drinks for himself and Helen.

The next day, Jim drives Helen to the Portland airport, and she flies home. At the end of the day, Jim returns to Bob at the hotel: Susan has filed a missing persons report, even though Jim has advised against it. He shows Bob a cell phone, explaining that it is Zach’s. Susan assumed that Zach took it with him, but Jim found it in his bedroom. The phone shows that Zach attempted to reach Jim at his office before disappearing.

Meanwhile, Mrs. Drinkwater makes dinner for Susan. Susan is too upset to eat but says that hearing Mrs. Drinkwater’s stories of her own children is a welcome distraction.

Back at the hotel, Jim is drunk and laments how badly he botched Zach’s case, insisting that he has failed everyone. Then, Jim reveals that it was he—not Bob—who killed their father. He explains how the accident actually occurred and how he was able to make everyone believe that Bob, at only four years old, had been operating the car.

They are interrupted by a phone call: Susan has learned that Zach is in Sweden with his father.

Book 3 Analysis

Zach’s predicament goes from bad to worse and then improves—all in a short span of time. Susan’s reflections on his personality as a baby and a child provide context for the person he has become. In Susan’s view, he has never been terribly healthy nor gifted at anything, and she believes that he was always destined to struggle in life. Susan loves him but continues to find fault in herself as a mother, certain that his flaws are in some way her fault and the result of some deficiency on her part as a parent. These beliefs present further evidence of Family Dynamics as a Determinant of Identity. Susan’s negative assessment of her son is inextricable from her negative assessment of herself as a mother, and her belief that Zach will never amount to anything impacts Zach’s view of himself, damaging his prospects.

Zach’s internal thoughts are kept from the reader, and, as a result, the reader is left to learn about him through the eyes of other characters. Susan’s assessment of Zach as friendless, wayward, and unsuccessful is shared by everyone who comes in contact with him, another self-fulfilling prophecy. Like Bob, Zach has been dogged throughout his life by other people’s harsh views of him, and these views have impacted his own sense of identity. There seems to be little hope for him thriving, and when he turns up missing, his family expects that this will only worsen his situation. It is hinted at that he is attempting to run away from his problems, and though it is not directly stated, there is speculation that he likely left in order to die by suicide. Later, when Zach thrives in Sweden, the negative impact of the town’s harsh perceptions becomes even more apparent. As soon as he escapes the judgment of his family and his community, Zach comes into his own and discovers that he can be much more than he has been led to believe.

Jim continues to shoulder the responsibility of Zach’s legal defense from afar, believing that he alone is capable of resolving the matter. He becomes increasingly annoyed and then enraged as new charges are filed against Zach. The belief that only Jim is capable of solving any problem is so ingrained in Susan (and Bob) that Jim feels obligated to fill the role that his family expects of him. Jim’s certainty that he is an important person clouds his approach to Zach’s case: He falsely believes that Zach’s mere connection to Jim is enough for the legal system to ignore the pursuit of justice and bow to Jim’s wishes. Jim represents the other side of the theme of family dynamics as a determinant of identity. Just as Bob and Zach continue to fail because they have been told that they are incapable of success, Jim has internalized the family narrative that he is incapable of failure. Because he sees success as a fundamental part of his identity, he believes that his mere presence ensures success. As section three unfolds, however, even Zach voices doubt in Jim’s ability to provide help of any real value. It seems that those involved in the case do not wish to be swayed by Jim’s attempts to sidestep the justice system.

Jim’s role in the Burgess family increasingly frustrates Helen, who begins to view Jim’s siblings as using up Jim’s time and energy and leaving none of Jim for her. She feels increasingly at a loss with how to make meaning of her life—her children no longer need her, and any career skills she once possessed are now obsolete. When the diamond from her wedding band goes missing, it is a physical reminder that her marriage is not well. Helen’s desperate search for the diamond parallels the approach she takes in constantly attempting to pull Jim toward her.

Zach’s trial is integral in developing the theme of Empathy Across Cultural Difference. Viewed through the eyes of Abdikarim Ahmed, Zach becomes increasingly sympathetic. Abdikarim, though he was upset and scared by the pig’s head incident, does not regard Zach as an enemy. He is slow to judge and ultimately becomes certain that Zach is not a hate-filled monster but a lost and scared young man. Abdikarim is able to empathize with Zach, recognizing the common ground that they share since he, too, has been thrust into an environment that is threatening, scary, and uncertain. The empathy he holds toward Zach helps to shape the reader’s view of both men’s characters. Abdikarim’s empathy for the person who targeted his community stands in contrast to the Burgess family, whose interest in the Somali community extends only as far as trying to ensure that the community does not ruin Zach’s life by holding him accountable for his actions.

Finally, this section brings about an enormous shift regarding the theme of The Impact of Unresolved Trauma when Jim confesses to Bob that it was he, not Bob, who caused the death of their father. This confession comes as a shock to Bob, who has lived so long with the certainty that he caused his father’s death that he initially disbelieves Jim’s confession—believing instead that Jim is merely speaking nonsense because he is drunk. The question of whether Jim will be willing to stand by the confession when sober—and what Bob will do with the information—creates momentum in the plot, further complicating the relationship between the brothers and suggesting that the narratives that have defined their lives have been built on a lie. The news that Zach has been located provides a partial resolution to the crisis of his disappearance. The relief that Susan feels to know that he is alive is evidence of how deeply she cares for him and his well-being.

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