logo

49 pages 1 hour read

Alan Gratz

The Brooklyn Nine

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2009

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Themes

Bravery in the Face of Fear

Different characters in the novel face challenges that require them to demonstrate their courage. This begins with Felix, as he confronts the fire in New York head on, ready to assist in the emergency even as a young boy. Felix acts with courage rather than resigning himself to Cartwright’s insistence that he not light the fire, because he wants to save the residential neighborhoods of New York. Felix is injured performing this act, prohibiting him from developing an adult sports career. However, his choices help save New York from developing an even more destructive fire. Felix’s actions show how bravery can save others, even when it puts the brave individual in danger. Felix never explicitly regrets his decision, standing by his choice despite the consequences.

This sense of bravery is passed from Felix to Louis, as Louis lies about his age to enlist in the Civil War in place of his father. His bravery also salvages Felix’s baseball, beginning the relationship the Schneiders have with baseball memorabilia tying them to their family’s history. Louis’s bravery allows him also to rescue a blind Confederate soldier from the battlefield, returning him close to the Confederate camp. While Felix confronted the literal fire raging in New York, Louis confronts the fire between the battle lines of the Civil War. Remembering his humanity and the humanity of others serving in the war, Louis illustrates how the trait of bravery remains strong for the Schneiders.

Arnold exemplifies his sense of bravery in the face of fear as he confronts the reality of understanding that his beloved idol isn’t who he once was. Fearing Kelly’s ultimate downfall, Arnold bravely secures a tryout for Kelly as a young boy but becomes disillusioned when Kelly lets him down. Similarly, Walter also sets up a tryout for Cyclone Joe Williams, bravely facing the racism in the US. His attempts to act against the systemic effects of racism fail, but his bravery helps him learn about his own privilege versus people of color. Walter also bravely defends his daughter, Frankie, as she fixes her gambling network to secure her financial future. Bursting in on the men who lead Frankie’s bookie business, Walter doesn’t allow Frankie to be in any danger. Meanwhile, Frankie enacts her own bravery by fixing her perilous gambling system for her own gain and capitalizing on her fortunes as a woman. She passes this bravery on to her daughter, who bravely plays baseball as a woman during World War II. Kat highlights a sense of inner bravery as she confronts her guilt over preferring her situation over what may happen to her if the war were to end, bringing capable men back to the baseball diamond she enjoys.

Along with Walter sharing his wisdom with Jimmy, Kat is the only other generation to pass the Schneider bravery on in person to Michael. While Walter empowers Jimmy to bravely confront his bully, Kat inspires Michael to bravely rely on his own judgment instead of taking the lead of others. While Michael is not fully present in Snider’s perspective, Snider is inspired to learn about the bravery of the generations before him through David, Michael’s little brother. As Snider uncovers the origin of the various baseball related items, he uncovers the ways in which his ancestors showed bravery in the face of fear to lead to his life in the present day.

The Difficulties of Determining Trustworthiness

Of the Schneider family perspectives, Arnold grapples with the difficulties of determining trustworthiness the most distinctly through his interaction with King Kelly. As a young boy, Arnold’s innocence and naivete are emphasized as he continues to place his hope in Kelly, even when he peers do not. Arnold believes in King Kelly even though all the facts demonstrate that the man has little integrity. When Arnold first meets his baseball idol, Kelly is so drunk that he collapses. Arnold also learns that Kelly has not told people that he has not been asked to continue playing for the Giants, showing a willingness for deception. Arnold ignores these warning sights as he believes King to be trustworthy because of his talent as a baseball player. Ultimately, Arnold is hurt and disillusioned because of his unwillingness to see who Kelly really is when the man sells his prized possession and skips town before the tryout Arnold procures for him. Arnold learns to be careful with his trust, as his hope he places in Kelly leaves him heartbroken.

Walter Schneider puts his faith in the Brooklyn Superbas, similarly to how Arnold viewed Kelly. His admiration and trust for the team is illustrated when he believes that if he passes Williams off as an Indigenous baseball player, the team will allow him a spot. Walter’s trust in the team also leads him to disillusionment when the team rejects Williams as a player based on their racism. This experience opens Walter’s eyes to his own privileges as well as the discrimination and racism against people of color, leaving a tone of bitterness in his story. This internal change is demonstrated with Walter’s disposal of his Superbas hat into the sea, where he reflects that he also thought treasures could be found on the ocean floor as well. Just like betrayal broke Arnold’s trust in baseball, racism does the same for Walter. Baseball becomes a source of dreams and heartbreak for the Schneiders, seen in the two generations’ experiences.

Racial Discrimination and Its Systemic Effects

Racial discrimination is a persistent element that the Schneider family experiences throughout the generations. Felix first notices the class divisions within New York geography as a runner that foreshadows the coming discrimination his family will face for its German roots. However, racial discrimination and its systemic effects comes to the forefront of the narrative through Walter’s story. Walter himself illustrates biases that various racial groups can have based on the system of racism on which the US is founded, as he watches Black baseball players, thinking that the game is just a minstrel show. That Walter views the Black players as a minstrel show, where white men performed in “blackface,” demonstrates his own racism. When Walter is told the players are Cuban, the methods of which Black American baseball players used to play in peace are revealed. By claiming different origins, the team plays on the colorism embedded in racism, and underscores the pervasive racism within and outside baseball.

More blatant racism is shown through the treatment of Cyclone Joe Williams. Walter believes that Cyclone Joe Williams can play on a white team because the man is part of the Comanche tribe. Indigenous people can play, and since Williams is part of the Comanche tribe, Walter believes he can say that Cyclone’s dark skin color is from his Comanche roots, and no one will know that he is also Black. This is not the case, however, and both the coach and the other players act racist toward him. This not only hurts Cyclone, but it also hurts the team because Cyclone is a very good pitcher, and the team will not allow themselves the benefit of his expertise because of their inherent racism. They also point to the wider racist practices of baseball leagues at the time, saying that even if they did allow Cyclone to play, no other team would play against them if a Black player was on their team.

Finally, Walter and his family themselves, prove that racism is not just based on skin tone but on ethnicity as well. Walter and his parents are not practicing Jews, but they do have Jewish ancestry. Their last name points to their heritage, and as a result, they are not allowed to stay at the hotel where they usually stay. This confuses Walter, and he does not understand why his father will not stand up to the people. Walter is innocent, and as such, this racism confuses him. The fact that discrimination occurs through multiple generations and based upon multiple different racial characteristics demonstrates its pervasive and harmful influence.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text