59 pages • 1 hour read
Jonathan RosenA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
In 1995, shortly after Chuck’s death, an article about Michael appears in The New York Times. The article lists Michael’s astonishing achievements during his battle with schizophrenia and outlines his goal of finding a job without concealing his illness. A quotation from Michael states that associating schizophrenia with violence is “a common and painful stereotype” (350). Jonathan is disturbed by the article. He feels that while publicly “coming out” as a schizophrenic, Michael is also minimizing the impact of the illness. Jonathan recalls how Michael armed himself with a kitchen knife when he believed his parents were Nazis.
The New York Times article catches the interest of Hollywood and publishers. Michael calls Jonathan, revealing he has accepted a $1.5 million deal with Imagine Films for his life story. Ron Howard, who played Richie Cunningham on Happy Days, is due to direct. Publishing houses also entered a bidding war for Michael’s memoir, The Laws of Madness. Michael accepted Scribner’s offer of $600,000. The movie will be based on The Laws of Madness.
Michael and Carrie move into an apartment in the quiet town of Hastings-on-Hudson. Publications frequently consult Michael as an expert on mental illness. In The New York Times, he critiques the psychiatrists at a medical school who had a student with bipolar disorder hospitalized after an assault on another student. Michael describes psychiatric hospitals as “netherworlds.”
Leonardo DiCaprio is due to play Michael in the movie of his life. Screenwriter Chris Gerolmo changes the names of the key roles in the screenplay and Michael becomes Kevin Lauton. The film’s perspective is from Kevin’s point of view, so his delusions and hallucinations seem real to the audience. Michael clarifies that he does not want to be portrayed as violent. When Leonardo DiCaprio pulls out of the project due to other commitments, Brad Pitt takes on the role of Kevin. Gerolmo also takes over as director when the same thing happens to Ron Howard. Michael’s publishers plan to publish his memoir just as the movie is released. However, Gerolmo completes the screenplay before Michael has written The Laws of Madness. Michael becomes increasingly scornful of the movie executives in charge of his project.
Bonnie and Bo Burt worry that the excitement of the movie production may be adversely affecting Michael. Bonnie’s experience with schizophrenic patients has taught her that even positive events can act as “stressors.” However, other members of the Network disagree.
Carrie intends to convert to Judaism. She and Michael attend the local synagogue and study with Rabbi Eddie Schecter. While Jonathan published his first novel two years earlier, Michael is making little progress with his memoir. He is also conscious that the movie will be the only version of his life story if he does not complete it. Editor Hamilton Cain visits Michael with a tape recorder, hoping to obtain some material to work with.
Hamilton and Michael discuss an essay by Robert Sapolsky about shamans and schizophrenia. The essay suggests that people with mild schizophrenia often became shamans in tribal cultures. Michael suggests that he is also a “tribal visionary,” believing that his mental illness is a manifestation of his connection to God. Toward the end of the day Michael’s friendly tone suddenly changes. He stands over Hamilton, ordering him to go.
Michael takes several months to approve the transcript of his conversation with Hamilton. By that time Hamilton has accepted a job elsewhere. He shows the transcript of his conversations with Michael to his dying father-in-law, Mike Goldstein—a psychologist and specialist in schizophrenia. Goldstein concludes that Michael is concealing the severity of his illness.
Jane Rosenman takes over from Hamilton as Michael’s editor. She builds a rapport with Michael, but he consistently fails to produce any work. Meanwhile, Jonathan has a panic attack while driving. Diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder, he begins taking Prozac, and his condition improves.
Michael’s vision of a more inclusive societal attitude to disability comes closer to a reality. Debates take place over how the Americans with Disabilities Act should be applied to people with mental illnesses. The guidelines of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission state that employers should accommodate characteristics associated with mental illness, including poor timekeeping and judgment as well as “hostility to co-workers” (401). Many employers disputed the practicality of this guidance.
Members of the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) are excited by Michael’s upcoming portrayal in a movie. NAMI is active in fighting misguided representations of mental illness and succeeded in getting Nike and John Deere to withdraw offensive adverts. John Deere advertised “the world’s first schizophrenic lawn mower” (406), while Nike’s campaign stated, “Crazy people talk to themselves; it doesn’t matter” (407).
Michael’s original proposal for his memoir presented his story in the form of the hero’s journey, outlined by Joseph Campbell in The Hero with a Thousand Faces (1949). Campbell helped to create the notion that the hero’s journey was similar to the experience of schizophrenia. Campbell represented “schizophrenic breakdown” in positive terms, suggesting that it marked the beginning of an inward quest to find balance and fulfill the self’s potential.
As many people with schizophrenia struggle to maintain long-term relationships, the Network views Michael’s relationship with Carrie as another of his exceptional achievements. Michael’s friends consider Carrie a shy, caring young woman overshadowed by her brilliant partner. However, Carrie’s colleagues at the Edison Project love Carrie for her optimistic outlook, dynamism, and outstanding technological skills. Michael’s health often defines Carrie’s working hours. It is often difficult to leave him in the mornings, and she stays up late catching up on her work and watching over him. When Carrie returns from work, Michael sometimes refuses to let her in as he questions her identity. On these occasions, she sleeps on a friend’s couch. Carrie never complains, and her colleagues view her relationship with Michael as a feature of her remarkable character.
Jane Rosenman and literary agent Tina Bennet visit Michael in Hastings-on-Hudson. They hope to persuade him to allow another writer to help with his memoir. Michael’s aura is one of deep depression, and Jane is convinced he is seriously unwell. Michael claims that Carrie’s father hates him because he is Jewish, schizophrenic, and has no career prospects. Jane and Tina have no success in talking to Michael about the book.
Part 4 of the memoir charts Michael’s transition from the “House of Law” to the “House of Dreams.” Michael’s dreams appear to be fulfilled when he becomes “a writer, famous and rich all in one go” (357). The title of Part 4 also evokes the concept of Hollywood as a “dream factory,” creating movie representations of the American Dream. The association hints that, like the world created in Hollywood films, Michael’s glittering future will prove illusory and unattainable: His memoir is never written, and the movie of his life is never made.
Through Michael’s role as an inspirational exemplar of living with paranoid schizophrenia, Rosen probes The Nature and Impact of Mental Illness. The author highlights how Michael feels it is necessary to sanitize his illness for public consumption. Emphasizing his successes, he minimizes his symptoms, implying he has somehow overcome an incurable disease. Michael’s insistence that violent behavior is “a stereotype” attached to the illness ironically foreshadows his later actions. The spectrum of mental illness is also explored, as Jonathan is diagnosed with anxiety disorder. While his condition is not as outwardly disruptive as Michael’s, he describes how anxiety has been a “constant, consuming companion” (400). By taking Prozac, Jonathan accepts that he also needs medication to moderate the functioning of his brain.
Expanding on the theme of Attitudes Toward Mental Illness, the text explores how a range of individuals and organizations have exploited concepts of “madness” for their own purposes. The theories of Joseph Campbell and Robert Sapolky demonstrate how academia has adopted mental illness as a metaphor with largely positive associations, overlooking its many debilitating symptoms. Meanwhile, the use of “madness” as a commercial gimmick is encapsulated in Deere’s advertisement for a “schizophrenic lawnmower.” Rosen argues that the appropriation of mental illness is both irresponsible and harmful. Regardless of whether they are positive or negative, misleading representations warp society’s perception of mental disorders. Consequently, “the ones who [pay] the price for it [are] the people already suffering from the illness” (406).
The depiction of Carrie Costello in these chapters highlights how she is often viewed solely through the prism of her relationship with Michael. The Network views the presence of Carrie in Michael’s life as further evidence of his triumph over illness. Meanwhile, for Hollywood screenwriters, she is a minor character in the movie. Rosen attempts to redress this imbalance, portraying her as an exceptional individual in her own right. Depicting Carrie from the perspective of the people who knew her best, he describes her “energy, optimism, and uncanny technological prowess” (409). The author emphasizes that, to Carrie’s friends and colleagues, Michael was the secondary background figure. Her commitment to him illustrated her integrity and extraordinary strength of character. The text’s focus on Carrie in this section also highlights The Nature and Impact of Mental Illness on loved ones. Describing how Michael sometimes refuses to let her in after a long day at work, the author conveys the physical and emotional toll of living with such unpredictability.
Michael’s deteriorating mental health demonstrates how even positive “stressors” can intensify the symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia. The difficulties Michael experiences when faced with writing his memoir are associated with the importance of controlling his narrative. Prevented from dictating the course of his life by his illness, he is determined to tell his story in his own words. However, the simultaneous creation of the movie screenplay proves to be a paralyzing pressure. The implications of selling “life rights” to the movie company become only too apparent as the film threatens to be the definitive version of his life.
Rosen’s tactics as a novelist come to the fore in the later chapters of this section as he creates a sense of tension and foreboding. While Michael continues to be championed as a success story in the battle with mental illness, there are clear signals that he is losing the fight. Bonnie and Bo Burt continue to be the lone voices of reason as they express fears that the stress of the memoir and movie production will prove damaging to Michael’s health. Meanwhile, when Michael’s editors visit him, they experience his depression as a palpable and unsettling aura. These details and the information that Michael sometimes questions Carrie’s identity anticipate the forthcoming tragedy.
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