49 pages • 1 hour read
Carl HiaasenA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
The novel’s title, Squirm, evokes the movement of a snake and also the instinctively uncomfortable reaction of people who are unexpectedly forced into contact with reptiles. In the novel, snakes symbolize a source of effective and menacing power, and they relate to the theme of Protecting the Vulnerable. Billy is the character most closely associated with snakes because he is fascinated by them and has learned how to handle many dangerous varieties safely. Aside from collecting snakes as a hobby, Billy uses these creatures to intimidate bullies in all walks of life. Initially, he plants a rubber snake in his locker to keep pranksters from breaking into it. Later, he will use his reputation as a snake handler to scare off the gang of bullies who have been harassing Chin. Ultimately, however, Billy’s skill with snakes plays a pivotal role in bringing down the poacher and antagonist, Baxter. Before Summer and Billy go searching for the poacher at Tom Miner Basin, Billy takes the time to capture a live rattlesnake. He secures its mouth with dissolving tape and puts it in a pillowcase. After discovering Baxter’s getaway helicopter, Billy plants the snake in the cockpit. Like all the other bullies in the novel, Baxter is deathly afraid of snakes. Rather than removing the snake from the helicopter, Baxter runs away. This decision may later make it possible for a grizzly bear to kill and eat him. As Summer says, “Nature always gets the last word” (269).
Just as snakes appear frequently in the pages of Squirm, so do drones. These tiny machines symbolize nimble escape and freedom from the rules that govern ordinary aircraft. They can slip in anywhere. As such, they illustrate the creative ways in which the protagonists arrange to transcend The Limits of the Law. This pattern becomes apparent early in the novel, for Dennis frequently uses drones to gain surveillance information that allows him to intervene in poaching activities that the authorities do not take action to stop. As previously mentioned, the law can only act to apprehend poachers after they have killed an animal. By contrast, Dennis is focused on preventing such crimes before they occur. He initially uses his drone to scare away the grizzly family during Baxter’s first attempt to kill the mother bear, and he intends to do the same during the panther hunt in Florida, but his drone falls into a pond and short-circuits.
Later, during the climactic scene in the Montana wilderness, another drone will prove crucial in saving a life. In this instance, the authorities are out of range to be summoned in time to save Dennis from Baxter’s machinations. (This is less a question of the law refusing to act than the fact that it is simply beyond reach.) When Dennis is staked out as the grizzly’s next meal, Billy takes over control of his father’s drone, flying it to Dennis and dropping a knife on the ground so that Dennis can cut himself free. Before the grizzlies can attack Dennis, Billy then sends the drone to distract the mother bear. It confuses her long enough for his father to finish freeing himself. The drone is ultimately destroyed by the bear, but it buys the necessary time to allow Dennis to escape the predator. Thus, in all sections of the novel, the drone comes to symbolize the ability of people to take decisive, individual action to do the right thing and prevent inexcusable crimes and cruelties from occurring.
Eagles are a prominent feature of Squirm. They have a long history as symbols of courage and freedom. Specifically, in mainstream American culture, they convey the concept of independence. Within the context of the novel, the species is used to represent the same concept and illustrates the theme of The Virtue of Eccentricity, for each member of the Dickens family is strong-willed enough to forge their own path in the world according to their strong ethical code. Chrissie is the character most closely associated with eagles since she is willing to rearrange her life to remain close to their nests, but she isn’t alone in her fascination with the birds. When Billy first arrives in Montana, he is just as eager to see a golden eagle as he is to see a grizzly bear. Similarly, Lil and Summer know where the golden eagles nest and happily show Billy his first glimpse of one. Thus, the family’s appreciation for nature melds easily with the birds’ symbolic function within the novel.
In addition to this symbolic element, the novel uses eagles as a plot device to provide motivation for the characters to shift their setting from place to place. Eagles are the reason why Chrissie relocates her family every few years and the reason why she and Belinda first agree to visit Dennis’s new family out West. Chrissie is unconventional and different because of her love of the birds, just as Billy is different because of his love of snakes, and Dennis is different because he loves endangered species and wants to protect them. While each member of the Dickens family has a different focus for their obsession, they have the courage to follow their hearts even if they appear eccentric to others.
By Carl Hiaasen