53 pages • 1 hour read
George EliotA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
After a long, difficult journey, Nancy arrives at the Cass party with her father. Godfrey helps Nancy from her carriage, much to her annoyance. She believes that she has been quite clear: She does not intend to marry Godfrey Cass. He annoys her, whether he is paying attention to her or ignoring her. Nancy shares a dressing room with other women, including the Gunn sisters. Since they come from a larger town, the Gunn sisters look down on the people of Raveloe. Nancy’s Aunt Osgood is also in the dressing room. As they prepare for the dance, the Gunn sisters are intrigued by Nancy’s “rustic beauty” (104). Priscilla, Nancy’s sister, arrives at the party. Priscilla is well aware that she is not attractive, and she subtly insults the Gunn sisters, then dismisses Nancy’s disparaging attitude toward marriage.
Downstairs, Nancy sits between Godfrey and Mr. Crackenthorp, a local priest. The sight of the large house makes her think of a future where she is married to “the young man of quite the highest consequence in the parish” and in charge of her own household (109). However, she reminds herself of how little she thinks of Godfrey’s character. When these thoughts make her blush, Crackenthorp alerts Godfrey, who tries to ignore her. Squire Cass awkwardly tries to compliment Nancy on his son’s behalf, eventually asking his son why he has not yet invited Nancy to dance. Feeling “sorely uncomfortable,” Godfrey invites Nancy to dance (113). The other guests also begin to dance. The other guests see Godfrey speaking quietly to Nancy. Nancy has ripped her dress and needs her sister to help mend the tear. She tells Godfrey that she does not require his company. Nancy is annoyed at Godfrey’s awkward attempts to help her. He tells her how much he enjoyed their dance and begs her forgiveness for his past behavior, insisting that he can change. When she makes a sarcastic comment, he points out her cold attitude toward him. Nancy maintains her “instinctive dignity” (119). Before he can start a quarrel, Priscilla arrives to mend the dress. Rather than go back to the other guests, Godfrey decides to stay with the sisters to spend more time in Nancy’s company.
Molly is outside, heading toward the dance. She is “carrying her child in her arms” (121). The little girl is the daughter that Molly shares with Godfrey. Since Godfrey has told Molly that he will never publicly acknowledge their marriage, she intends to appear at the dance and reveal the secret to the high society of Raveloe. Molly blames her addiction to opium for her problems rather than Godfrey, but she resents his status and his wealth. She believes that he should support his wife and daughter. She has spent the day walking to reach the dance. As the snow falls and the evening draws in, she tries to comfort herself by taking a draft of opium. She feels sleepy and lies down on the ground, still clutching her daughter. The little girl wakes up as her mother falls unconscious. She sees a light in a nearby house and walks inside. She sits in front of the warm fire.
Recently, Silas’s paranoia has inspired him to leave his door half open as he weaves. He hopes that he might see something through the door that could lead to the return of his gold. As he stares out the door, he does not see the child approach him. Instead, he falls into one of his cataleptic fits. He is hidden behind the door as the little girl walks inside. When he recovers, he closes his door. Years of weaving have left Silas with “blurred vision” (125). He does not see the girl in front of his fire. When he sees something, he initially hopes that it might be his gold. When he reaches out, however, he touches only the child’s golden-blonde hair. He examines the little girl, who reminds him a great deal of his sister, who died when she was young. He is overwhelmed by memories until the child wakes and calls for her mother. Silas feeds the girl and then notices her boots. He follows the trail of her footsteps through the snow until he comes across Molly’s dead body.
The dance at the Cass house continues. Godfrey admires Nancy from the side of the room. He sees Silas enter carrying a small child, which he then recognizes as “his own child” (129). He asks other guests what the weaver wants as Squire Cass angrily demands answers from the unannounced guest. Silas claims to be searching for a doctor for the dead woman outside. Godfrey immediately knows that the woman must be his wife, Molly, and he worries that his secret will be revealed. Silas refuses to leave the girl in the Cass house, insisting that she must stay with him since she walked into his house. Mr. Kimble, the acting town doctor, offers to help. He accompanies Silas and Godfrey to the body, with a local woman named Dolly coming along to serve as nurse. Mr. Kimble is not an actual doctor, though he provides healthcare for the local people. Godfrey feels “painfully preoccupied” knowing that Molly’s death will enable him to marry Nancy (132). If Molly survives somehow, his secret will be revealed. Kimble says that Molly is dead; Godfrey privately confirms to himself that the dead woman is in fact “his unhappy, hated wife” (133). Asking Silas about his connection to the now motherless child, Godfrey hears Silas talk emotionally about his immediate connection to the little girl. Since the theft of his money, he has been lost and depressed. He believes that he and the girl can now be happy together, acting as a family unit. Godfrey gives Silas some money to help take care of the girl before leaving with Kimble. As they walk, they discuss Silas’s odd connection with the girl. Godfrey thinks about Nancy, free of his previous sense of dread. He can now keep his marriage a secret and also ensure that his young daughter is taken care of. He convinces himself that she will be “much happier” without him as a father (135).
Molly is buried in an anonymous ceremony. Her death will have lasting consequences in Raveloe. People are surprised that Silas takes in the “tramp’s child,” and their attitudes toward him soften (136). In particular, Dolly helps him to raise the little girl even though Silas is determined to be self-sufficient. The little girl amazes him, as though his lost gold “had turned into the child” (138). At Dolly’s suggestion, Silas has the girl baptized. He names her Hephzibah, the name of both his deceased mother and sister. The biblical named is shortened to Eppie. Silas is baptized at the same time. He becomes a member of the community rather than the solitary figure he was before. Eppie’s relentless curiosity about the world inspires him. She convinces him to take time away from his work. As she grows up, he grows up as well. This period of growth sparks a period of remembrance in Silas’s life. When she is three years old, Eppie develops a “fine capacity for mischief” (143). Dolly tells Silas not to indulge her, but also not to be overly severe. He tries to punish her by placing her in the coal-hole—a “black naughty place”—but she enjoys the experience too much for it to be a punishment (146). As a result, she goes largely unpunished. Silas takes her with him everywhere he goes. She becomes a fixture in the local community, as does her adoptive father. Silas strives to give Eppie a sense of community. He no longer lives an isolated, miserly lifestyle, and Eppie provides the pleasure and security he once took in hoarding his gold.
Godfrey watches Eppie grow up “with keener though more hidden interest” (149). Occasionally, he sends her a gift, but he takes care to ensure that no one could ever suspect that she is his daughter. He has no guilt, as he believes that Silas is taking care of her well. Dunsey fails to return to the house. His absence—added to the death of Molly—makes Godfrey feel confident that he can marry Nancy. As he spends more time with Nancy, people notice a positive change in his character. Privately, he assures himself that he will make sure that Eppie never wants for anything.
Godfrey’s affection for Nancy causes him many problems. To others, they seem destined to be together. The gossip among the local elites is centered on why they are not together yet, questioning the time taken rather than the suitability of the match. Even Godfrey’s angry father has threatened to expedite the process, which he does during the dance by insisting that his son dance with Nancy. Godfrey knows that any marriage to Nancy will put him in a morally compromising position. The revelation that he is a bigamist would destroy his reputation and possibly place him in legal danger; he cannot marry Nancy while he is still married to Molly, even if his first marriage, and his first child, is a secret. Nevertheless, Godfrey loves Nancy. He cannot stay away from her, even though he knows that he cannot ask her to marry him. His inner conflict is revealed in the way he conducts himself around Nancy. He seems to ignore her and then flatter her, switching back and forth between doting affection and affected indifference as an external illustration of the torment inside him. He knows that he should leave Nancy alone and save her from the potential humiliation of marrying an unavailable man, but he cannot deny his feelings for her.
For her own part, Nancy seems equally torn. She is unsure of her feelings for Godfrey, whose fumbling affection seems directionless and confusing. When she arrives at the New Year’s Eve party, however, she cannot stop herself from imagining a future in which she is married to the owner of the large house, with herself at the head of the household, thus highlighting the theme of Class and Identity. The prospect of such a lavish future entices Nancy but does not entirely determine her decisions. She is not a materialistic person, going so far as to resent the more conspicuously materialistic Gunn sisters, whose social rank is deeply intertwined with their identities. They provide a foil to Nancy; they mock her lowly rural status and look down on her unrefined manners, though they somewhat acknowledge her beauty. In further contrast, Nancy’s sister Priscilla has none of the pretentions that define the Gunn sisters. Priscilla is a comic figure. She lacks any refinement and says exactly as she thinks, often landing herself in trouble. Nancy is presented as a blend of the refined social etiquette of the Gunn sisters and the rural honesty of her sister. Just as she is torn between whether or not she loves Godfrey, she is torn between the social paradigms that place her between Priscilla and the Gunn Sisters. Nancy finds herself always in the middle, unsure of which way to turn.
The end of Part 1 of Silas Marner also introduces Molly for the first time. She marches to the dance with purpose, a stark contrast to her indecisive husband. Godfrey frets about his love for Nancy and constantly backtracks about whether or not he should admit his mistakes to his father. Molly marches through the cold, battling her addiction and carrying a toddler, because she is intent on doing what must be done. She marches with a clear purpose, desperate to hold her cowardly husband accountable for his actions. Unfortunately for Molly, her determination is not enough to propel her all the way to the Cass house. She falters, first succumbing to her addiction and then the cold. Molly’s determination suggests that she is far stronger willed than her husband. The weakness of her body, however, cannot match the strength of her mind, and she is brought down before she can achieve her justice. The sole optimistic outcome of Molly’s death is that her daughter, through either fate or circumstance, manages to wander into a better life. The little girl wanders into the home of Silas Marner rather than marching into the home of her biological father. Because she happened to collapse where she did, Molly brought about a better future for her daughter. The accidental fortune of her death is that Silas adopts Eppie, providing her with a better life than Molly might ever have hoped for. This silver lining also affects Silas, whose life had grown empty in the absence of his hard-earned gold. Moreover, he had also failed to fully integrate into the Raveloe community, though public opinion of him had certainly softened. In adopting Eppie, Silas’s good character was fully realized by the townspeople. Not only did Silas seek out a doctor for Molly, but he also felt bound to Eppie after she wandered into his home. His behavior toward her demonstrates the exact opposite qualities that he was previously assumed to have, including greed and a tendency toward solitude. Instead, Silas shows a yearning for deep connection and a desire to protect those who cannot protect themselves. As Eppie grows, she and Silas become fully integrated into Raveloe society, and Silas even returns to the church, thus highlighting the theme of Religion as Community Center and Personal Doctrine. In order to fully integrate into Raveloe community, Silas needed to meet at its center, the church. In finding Eppie, Silas has also found a lost part of himself that he abandoned after the humiliating injustice of his exile from his hometown of Lantern Yard. Together, Silas and Eppie are granted a new beginning, which includes religion on both community and personal levels.
By George Eliot