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Gregory David RobertsA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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They wait at the train station for a long time. Suddenly, Prabu says they must rush. Prabu tells Lin to go with a huge man as crowds swarm toward the platform. The man picks Lin up and drags him through the crowd as people scream and sirens blare. The porter bangs their way into one of the carriages, where Lin sees Prabu guarding a seat by lying on it lengthwise as six men try to pull him off. Lin recues him by shoving the men away. The porter throws their luggage down and leaves.
Prabu says they paid 40 rupees for the porter, whose knees—used for clearing space on the trains—are famous. He told the man Lin was mentally slow so that he would help them. When Lin asks why they didn’t buy first-class seats with no drama, Prabu says this is the way to truly experience India. Lin remembers Didier commenting on the difference between India and France. In France, affluent people fight more viciously, without courtesy afterward. Here in India, everyone is good-tempered during the ride, despite the crowded space. Prabu is annoyed when Lin gives his seat to an old man four hours later. He says the way to not feel bad is to not look. Then he shows Lin his bruises, sustained in the acquisition of the seat. Everyone—including the old man—glares at Lin for his ingratitude.
Lin learns much during the 14-hour ride, including a specific wag of the head that means “I’m a peaceful man. I don’t mean any harm” (107). He tries it and enjoys the friendly results. They get onto a new bus along with 70 people, even though the capacity is meant for 48. People quiz Prabu about Lin everywhere. They don’t understand why a person would travel. The driver honks and slows the bus so people outside can see Lin, who realizes he hasn’t seen telephone poles or wires for an hour. Prabu says the village has no electricity. When Lin asks what he will do without music, Prabu says everyone sings. He also says the village has one water tap; it functions for one hour each day.
After debarking, they meet Prabu’s father, Kishan Mango Kharre, who is even shorter than Prabu. Kishan is cheerful but weary. Later, Lin will associate this tired but content look with all farmers who have nothing but their soil. Kishan raises his shirt and makes Lin pat his belly. As they travel by ox-drawn cart, people stare at Lin, the first foreigner to visit the village in 21 years. They smile when he waggles his head. However, he hates when Kishan hits the ox with a stick. He asks Prabu to make him stop, and Prabu says no. Kishan asks whether Lin eats animals and then says it must be hard to eat animals without hurting them.
When they reach the village of Sunder, 600 people, summoned by Prabu, greet them, including people from other villages. Lin puts on a jester’s cap with bells—a gift from an old acquaintance. He waggles his head and makes everyone laugh.
Lin prepares to shower, but Prabu screams when he strips. He says, “This is India. Nobody can take his clothes off, not even to wash his bodies. This is India. Nobody is ever naked in India. And especially, nobody is naked without clothes” (121). Lin must shower in his shorts.
After he and Prabu clean themselves with water from clay pots, Lin sleeps on Kishan’s bed. Prabu’s family and neighbors sit around him in a circle so he won’t feel lonely while he sleeps. Kishan touches his shoulder gently. Lin wakes from intense dreams of his family and crimes.
Lin learns the story of Prabu’s parents. Prabu’s mother, Rukhmabei, married at age 16. She had originally been disappointed, but Kishan’s smile changed her mind. They were pregnant within two months. She had children, then three miscarriages, followed by a hysterectomy at age 26.
Bandits began demanding tributes from the village. They killed and raped several people, including one of Kishan’s cousins in another village. In Rukhmabei’s fury, she convinced the villagers to resist, rather than capitulate. After sending women and children to another village, the men fought. Prabu was 15. He brought street-fighting friends, including a boy named Raju, who had a gun. Raju killed the leader, and the bandits fled. The villagers told the police the bandits accidentally shot their own man. Lin hears about the battle often.
One morning, Lin wakes to a water buffalo licking his face. One of Prabu’s sisters milks it into a glass, which he reluctantly drinks. They wash and have breakfast before the men work in the fields. The women clean and wash. This repeats itself for weeks. Sometimes people are miserable, but they sing every day. In six months, Lin never hears a raised voice or sees angry violence.
After three months, there is heavy rain. Everyone dances and sings after eight months of relative dryness. When the actual monsoon starts, it lasts for days. Lin sees the river rising and runs to warn the villagers. They laugh at his fear and take him to the river. Each year, they take bets on how high the river will rise. Someone always guesses correctly, and they are never in real danger. Rukhmabei gives Lin a new name: Shantaram Kishan Kharre, which means “[m]an of peace, or man of God’s peace” (136).
Prabu tries to convince Lin to see a specific sex worker when they return to Mumbai. He reveals he already paid a cash deposit. Lin agrees to look at the woman, if only to get the deposit back.
At the Apsara Hotel, a 50-year-old woman answers the door. She lifts her sari to show him her flabby stomach, which excites Prabu. Lin leaves Prabu with her and works on his Marathi dictionary, which has 600 words. Prabu comes into the hotel room nine minutes later, exhausted and happy.
On the way back from a karaoke bar, a car blocks them. Several men get out and rob them. Prabu blames himself as Lin remembers being beaten by four officers in prison. At the hotel, they sell Lin’s watch to pay the bill and buy a train ticket back into the heart of Mumbai.
Prabu introduces Lin to two friends: Johnny Cigar and Raju. Johnny is a powerful man in the slum. Raju helps Mr. Qasim Ali Hussein, the leader of the slum. Lin likes them both, and they arrange for him to take a hut in the slum. Lin hates the thought of living there but has no choice. Lin and Prabu then verify their plans to meet Karla and see a group of monks called the Standing Babas in a few days.
The Standing Babas made a vow to never sit or lie down again, which causes horrible pain. They sleep in standing harnesses. Their legs swell for the first five years of their ordeal before thinning to bones. The Babas make hashish, remain stoned at all times, and share the drugs with the customers who watch from a corridor.
Karla is exhilarated. She can’t decide whether their pain is more terrible or beautiful. Someone screams as a man with a sword appears and advances on Lin. A man named Abdullah Taheri trips the man, and Lin picks up the sword when he drops it. The attacker surrenders.
Karla offers to help Lin with money, but he declines. She could help with his visa, but he doesn’t ask since it would lead to other questions. After they say goodbye, Lin walks to the slum. His hut is the size of his former cell. He meets his neighbors: Anand, Rafiq, and Jeetendra and his wife, Radha.
A fire breaks out that night. Qasim, the head of the slums, directs beaters—including Lin—against the fire while others move anything in its path that could burn. Demolition teams destroy huts to protect others that are farther away. There are 12 deaths and over 100 injured. Prabu says it is usually worse. A baby girl survives, but her parents are dead. When Lin sees that her legs are burned, he tells them to bring her to his hut, where he has a first aid kit. Lin puts cream on her legs before tending to people all night.
The others eventually force Lin to eat and sleep. In the morning, a line of at least 30 people awaits him outside. Lin becomes a slum hero thanks to his high school first aid training. He feels that fate brought him here as he works. He remembers the attack by the man with the sword. Prabu had stepped in front of Karla when the man attacked. Prabu’s instinct was to protect. Lin’s reaction was to fight. He thinks Prabu’s action was braver, and Lin realizes that he loves him.
Chapters 5-8 give Lin a deeper look at what Prabu calls the true India, which is not found in the cities. This second half of Part 1 transitions Lin between two different realities in India. Prabu’s village of Sunder is an oasis of tranquility, despite its lack of amenities. Lin rarely feels that he belongs anywhere. Within a week at the village, he has been adopted by Prabu’s parents, the villagers all love him, and he receives his new name: Shantaram. His name means “[m]an of peace, or man of God’s peace” (136). There is an irony in this naming. Lin has never been a peaceful man, and he does not believe in God. Moreover, he will spend the rest of the novel in increasingly violent situations, although he will never take a life. Prabu’s mother sees something in Lin that he cannot see in himself, and the name reminds him that someone is optimistic about his future.
The complete acceptance of the villagers makes Lin reflect on the soul: “The soul has no culture. The soul has no nations. The soul has no colour or accent or way of life. The soul is forever. The soul is one. And when the heart has its moment of truth and sorrow, the soul can’t be stilled” (124). The grim reality of slum life, by contrast, highlights the relative luxury in Sunder. Yet Lin also quickly comes to admire the people in the slum. His feeling that he is never free seems irrational when faced with happy, tranquil people who will never leave the slum. This feeling of belonging and purpose deepens when he helps fight the fire. However, it is when he becomes the unofficial slum doctor that Lin feels fulfilled. Ironically, it is Lin’s work as a healer that brings him the first overt attention of Khan, a powerful criminal who profits from the slum.
The visit to the Standing Babas allows the author to explore a specific dichotomy of pain and suffering. Shantaram is filled with scenes of suffering and misery, but the scene with the Standing Babas presents the existence of voluntary suffering on behalf of transcendence. The devotion of the Babas is total. Their lives are agony and narcotics, by choice. They are not driven by profit, and they do not create pain for others. Considering Khan’s coming speech regarding the tendency toward complexity as a metaphor for God, the Babas’ method of worship raises intriguing questions about how best to serve God. Lin will later state that one cannot serve God with a gun, but is it any more rational to serve God by refusing to sit or lie down? Lin will never have satisfactory answers.
The visit to the Babas also introduces Lin to Abdullah, who will then lead him to Khan. In Sunder, Prabu’s parents wanted to adopt Lin, giving him a new family. Abdullah and Khan offer a darker version of a new family life, with a hitman for a brother and a mafia boss for a father.
Lin now has a new purpose, which will be to serve a criminal. He seems incapable of refusing requests for attention or help. Prabu shares an insight that gives a clue to Lin’s inability to sit still: “Waiting for nothing, that is what kills the heart of a man, isn’t it? Now the people are waiting for something. Waiting for you, they are. And you are a really something, Shantaram, if you don’t mind I’m saying it to your smoky face and sticking-up hairs” (60). Prabu is reimagining the old saying that “a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush,” and Lin’s inexpert help is better for his hurt brethren than waiting for help that may never come. Lin functions better when he has a task or challenge to pursue. If he is waiting for nothing, his heart is at risk, just as Prabu says of the patients who would rather wait for Lin’s medical help than wait for nothing.