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Alasdair GrayA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section discusses suicide and non-consensual medical experimentation.
Godwin does not know how to answer Bella’s question. He sweats and trembles, but eventually he and McCandless tell Bella that her unborn child was killed in the accident that robbed her of her memory. This was what Bella suspected. She weeps, embracing Godwin and falling asleep in his arms. McCandless, overcome with jealousy, sits next to Bella and rests his head on her shoulder.
An hour later, Bella awakens. She eats some food, which restores her so much that she starts to look younger. She reflects that Godwin could not have told her about her dead baby before her adventure with Duncan, because she was still a child. Now, she knows about the suffering of the world. She insists that the three of them work together to improve the world; Godwin tells her that she cannot help others until she learns to be independent.
Bella decides to become a doctor. Scottish universities will soon start accepting women as medical students. In the meantime, Bella enrolls as a trainee nurse at the Glasgow infirmary, assisting Godwin. She decides to become a doctor for women, especially mothers and sex workers. She wants to educate women about contraception but is advised to keep this desire secret.
Godwin convinces McCandless to become a public health officer so that he can work on the prevention of disease. McCandless wants to marry Bella as soon as possible. To ensure that she did not contract any venereal diseases while working at the brothel in Paris, Bella takes a six-week sexual quarantine before their marriage. During this time, she and McCandless share a bed, but only cuddle.
25th. It is set to be a small affair, but when he, Bella, and Godwin arrive at the church, they find five men present. The men interrupt the wedding, insisting that it cannot take place because Bella is already married to one of the men, General Blessington. He insists that Bella is really Victoria Blessington. The other men are Victoria’s father, Blaydon Hattersley; Mr. Prickett, Blessington’s medical adviser; Mr. Harker, his solicitor; and a detective, Mr. Seymour Grimes. Bella does not recognize any of them.
Godwin invites the men to his house to discuss the matter in private. Blessington agrees, on the condition that Bella wait outside the room while they discuss her. Godwin and Bella both refuse. Bella is excited to learn more about her past, but Godwin warns her that she is about to learn that he has lied to her. He fears that by the end of their discussion, Bella will hate him.
Hattersley and Blessington both received letters from Duncan telling them where Bella/Victoria lived. Victoria Blessington disappeared three years ago when she was eight months pregnant, but because of Blessington’s status as a respected army general, the disappearance was kept secret.
When Blessington received Duncan’s letter, he called Mr. Grimes to investigate Victoria’s disappearance. Grimes discovered that a body matching Victoria’s was pulled out of the river, and that Godwin was the police surgeon that day. Blessington accuses Godwin of reanimating Victoria’s corpse with electrical currents to create Bella. He accuses Bella of running away to “glut [her] insane appetite for carnal intercourse” (280). Hattersley tells Bella that he was very poor, but through hard work and cunning he made a fortune and pulled the family out of poverty after Victoria’s three brothers died of cholera. At 17, Victoria was sent to finishing school to learn to be a good wife. When she met Blessington, he thought that she had “the soul of an innocent child” (282). She was 24 and had never met a man besides her father.
Bella tries to hold Blessington’s hand to remember him, but recoils when their fingers meet, calling him horrible. Blessington accuses Victoria of having erotomania; Prickett explains that she wanted Blessington to “lie with her…every night of the week” (285). Bella is overcome with emotion at hearing this and insists that “the poor thing needed cuddling” (285). Prickett declares that healthy women should not have sexual desires. Victoria eventually begged for a clitoridectomy to remove her sexual desires. Mr. Harker accuses Godwin of resuscitating the drowned Victoria to make her his mistress, tiring of her, and passing her off to Duncan. Godwin is so affected by this accusation that he has a seizure. Bella soothes him and McCandless staunchly defends his honor.
When Godwin recovers, he says he can prove that Bella is not Victoria. While Victoria was “hysterical,” Godwin has had Bella examined by psychologists who say that she is mentally healthy. Godwin tries to reason with Blessington, suggesting that Bella could divorce him. He produces documents that prove that Victoria fled her husband because of his physical abuse and his infidelity with a 16-year-old maid. When the maid became pregnant, she begged Blessington for money to raise the child. Blessington refused, leaving the girl destitute. When Victoria tried to help the maid, Blessington locked her in the basement. Victoria escaped and disappeared.
Upon hearing this story, Bella’s face becomes gaunt like a skull and her hair stands on end. Hattersley says Victoria visited him in Manchester. He was disgusted by her pregnant body and insisted she return to her husband immediately. Hearing all this, Bella refuses to leave with Blessington. She thanks all of the men for their roles in her life. She is happy with McCandless, who cuddles her at night and lets her work during the day.
Harker insists that a husband’s infidelity is not grounds for a divorce, and any violence Blessington enacted upon Victoria was for her own good because she was “hysterical.” Blessington takes out a gun and threatens to shoot Godwin and McCandless if they move. Prickett prepares to chloroform Bella, but before he can get to her, Bella attacks Blessington and wrestles the gun from his hands. In the struggle, Bella is shot through the foot, but she wins the fight. Blessington begs Bella to shoot him. Instead, she fires the gun five times at the ceiling and then faints.
Godwin and McCandless rush to tend to Bella. She wakes up suddenly and declares that she remembers Blessington after all: He is Monsieur Spankybot from the brothel in Paris. She laughs at him and tells everyone about the kinds of sexual acts he enjoyed. Blessington is so ashamed that he collapses and has to be half-carried from the room. All five men leave. Two days later, newspapers announce that Blessington has died by suicide, leaving Bella and McCandless free to marry.
Bella and McCandless get married and have three sons. McCandless becomes the chairman of the Glasgow Civic Improvement Trust, and Bella runs the Godwin Baxter Natal Clinic, writes pamphlets, and supports women's suffrage. She enjoys a successful career, and McCandless is not jealous of her fame and success. He enjoys being able to spend more time with their sons.
Shortly after Blessington’s death, Godwin became very ill. One morning, McCandless received a letter from Godwin, asking him to come to his bedside alone. Godwin was about to die. Strong emotions “lethally emphasize incompatibilities in [his] internal organs” (316) and over the past few years, he experienced several very strong emotions. McCandless and Godwin shared a glass of port. Godwin told McCandless to always be kind to his children, to make sure that the servants were well looked after, and to take care of Godwin’s dogs. Then, he threw his head back and laughed very loudly. The laughter stopped abruptly, and McCandless realized that Godwin had died.
To accommodate Godwin’s unusual shape and size, McCandless had him buried in a cubical coffin. Bella was very upset by Godwin’s death. McCandless hopes that in the near future, science will advance enough for people to believe his tale.
The last chapters of McCandless’s narrative provide a tidy, very Victorian ending to an extraordinary story. This section contains another joke name: Blessington’s solicitor is named Mr. Harker. Jonathan Harker, the protagonist of Bram Stoker’s Dracula, is also a solicitor. These little details place McCandless’s narrative firmly in the Gothic tradition. They are also another sign that McCandless’s version of events raises The Problems of Narrative and Perspective. He provides very little detail about his later married life with Bella, except to note that he has never been jealous of her success. This is a piece of foreshadowing that will become clearer in the final section of the text. These chapters contain a few more supernatural flourishes, like Bella’s changing appearance and Godwin’s strange death and cubical coffin, which cast doubt on the veracity of the story. Nonetheless, McCandless insists until the end that everything he has said is true.
Blessington and Hattersley also try to control the narrative, insisting that they know the truth about Bella’s past. They seem entirely uninterested in how Bella feels about the situation: As a woman, it is not her job to have strongly-held opinions, even about her own life. These men replicate standard ideas about Women’s Roles in Victorian Society. They openly express the belief that healthy women should not have sexual desires. However, they still believe that women should be sexually available to men, specifically their husbands. They claim that Victoria’s sexual desires and her decision to leave her husband are unacceptable, but simultaneously believe that a husband’s infidelity is not serious and that Bella should return to Blessington without complaint. Both men have strikingly callous ways of talking about women. When Hattersley describes how disgusted he was by his daughter’s pregnant body, he uses language usually used to refer to animals.
The Victorian period was a time when women’s roles were changing quickly, though attitudes did not always keep up with the times. As Godwin notes, women were just on the cusp of entering the medical field in Scotland at the time the book is set. The first woman to practice as a doctor in Scotland was Sophia Jex-Blake, who is mentioned several times in the text. Medical Progress and Politics were undergoing a revolution. Bella wants to teach women about contraception, which would give them the opportunity to better control what happens to their bodies. At the time, this was highly controversial. However, contraception does align with Bella’s socialist ideals: It is a form of preventative medical care that reduces the risks of unintended pregnancies. Despite the changes happening in medicine and politics at this time, Bella’s views were radical. She mentions cuddling in this section, which foreshadows her politics in the final section of the book.
In the Victorian era, it was relatively common for women to be diagnosed with hysteria. Today, it is understood that hysteria was used to describe various experiences, including post-traumatic stress disorder; responses to rape, trauma, and sexual abuse; seizures; anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and other mental illnesses. Treatment for hysteria often involved sexual intercourse with a woman’s husband. In Victoria’s case, she was considered hysterical because she had “too much” sexual desire. Jean-Martin Charcot, mentioned in the previous section, specialized in hysteria. He notably treated a teenage girl named Louise Augustine Gleizes, exhibiting her for other physicians to see. Gleizes ultimately escaped from hospital disguised in men’s clothing and disappeared. Hysteria remained an official diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) until 1980.