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64 pages 2 hours read

Liz Cheney

Oath and Honor: A Memoir and a Warning

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2023

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Part 2Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 2: “The Attack”

Part 2, Chapter 11 Summary: “The Oath Does Not Bend or Yield to Popular Sentiment”

Cheney discusses the events leading up to and on January 6, 2021, when a mob stormed the US Capitol. Cheney reflects on the importance of upholding the Constitution and the oath of office, even when faced with political pressure and threats.

The chapter begins with a recounting of the 2000 presidential election between Al Gore and George W. Bush. Cheney highlights the gracious concession speech by Gore as a contrast to the 2020 election and the actions of Donald Trump.

Cheney describes how Trump’s false claims of election fraud and his call for supporters to “fight like hell” created a tense atmosphere leading up to January 6. She details how she acknowledged the potential for danger and arranged private security due to safety concerns.

On January 6, Cheney spoke to emphasize the importance of Congress’s role and its lack of authority to overturn elections. She also mentioned the performative signing of electoral objections by some members, criticizing it as a show of loyalty to Trump.

Cheney’s father, former Vice President Dick Cheney, warned her about the dangers posed by Trump’s rhetoric and the crowd’s anger. Despite the threats, Cheney remained committed to her duty to uphold the Constitution and refused to be silenced by fear.

The chapter ends by describing rioters storming the Capitol and Cheney being rushed from the House chamber with other Representatives.

Part 2, Chapter 12 Summary: “This Is Because of You!”

Cheney discusses the events surrounding the January 6 attack. Before the mob stormed the Capitol, Vice President Pence and Leader McConnell led the Senate members in a procession to the House chamber to count electoral votes. As the vote count proceeded, objections were raised when it came to counting Arizona’s electoral votes. This led to a joint session recess, and both houses met separately to debate the Arizona objection.

During the debate, Republican members argued against certifying the election results, even though they had not previously expressed concerns about Arizona’s elections. The situation escalated when the security threat of the riot became apparent. Members donned gas masks as police deployed tear gas against intruders in the Capitol rotunda. The chamber became a scene of panic as rioters attempted to breach the House chamber. Members and police barricaded the doors with whatever they could find.

The situation worsened with the sounds of as gunshots and shattering glass. Ashli Babbitt, a protestor, was shot and killed by a Capitol Police officer while attempting to enter the Speaker’s lobby. Trump watched the events unfold on TV but did not intervene or instruct the mob to leave the Capitol.

Part 2, Chapter 13 Summary: “It Turned Out That Kevin Was Lying”

Cheney continues to recount the events surrounding the attack. The chapter highlights the dangerous situation that unfolded as rioters hunted Vice President Mike Pence and as Trump exacerbated the situation with tweets. Trump had previously told his supporters that Pence could secure his victory, but now he claimed Pence had refused to do so.

The chapter describes the chaotic scene inside the Capitol as members of Congress and staff sought safety. Cheney met with Hakeem Jeffries, her Democratic counterpart, to discuss resuming the counting of electoral votes. However, tensions were high, and some members of the Freedom Caucus remained committed to objecting to the electoral vote count.

The chapter also discusses the injuries sustained by law enforcement officers during the attack and Markwayne Mullin’s attempt to persuade the objecting members to withdraw their objections. Despite the violence and the danger faced by lawmakers, some members continued to support objections to the electoral votes.

The chapter concludes with Cheney’s disappointment when she learned that House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy had misled her about his intentions regarding the objections, leading her to believe that he was lying.

Part 2, Chapter 14 Summary: “These Are the Things That Happen”

Cheney describes the aftermath of the attack. She called into Bret Baier’s show on Fox News to discuss the seriousness of the situation and Trump’s responsibility for inciting the attack. She emphasized the importance of upholding their constitutional duties and condemned Trump’s actions.

Cheney reflects on the events of the day and her concerns about her Republican colleagues who still supported objections to the electoral vote count. She spoke with fellow lawmakers about the need to impeach Trump, given the clear and present danger he posed to the country.

The chapter also highlights Cheney’s emotional conversation with her daughter, Grace, who had been worried about Cheney’s safety during the attack. The end of the chapter describes how Cheney visited Statuary Hall and the rotunda to thank the law enforcement officers who defended the Capitol, and she also checked on her father’s bust, which remained undamaged.

Part 2, Chapter 15 Summary: “He Was Going to Let the Travesty Go on”

Speaker Nancy Pelosi reconvened the House of Representatives shortly after nine o’clock in the evening. Cheney listened to House Republican Leader Kevin McCarthy’s speech, where he initially condemned the violence but announced that Republicans would continue with the objections to the electoral vote count.

Cheney expresses her disappointment and disbelief at McCarthy’s decision to proceed with the objections despite the violence and destruction that had occurred. She views this as a betrayal of his oath to the Constitution and an act of cowardice. Cheney decided to walk out of the House chamber in protest.

The chapter contrasts McCarthy’s stance with that of Senate Republican Leader Mitch McConnell, who strongly emphasized the importance of respecting the voters’ decision and defending the democratic process. Cheney reflects on her belief that McCarthy’s personal ambition overshadowed his principles.

Cheney agreed to yield her speaking time to Tom Reed, a New York Republican, and Josh Gottheimer, a New Jersey Democrat, to make bipartisan remarks condemning the violence and calling for unity.

The chapter concludes with the joint session of Congress completing the electoral vote counting, confirming Joe Biden’s victory over Donald Trump. Cheney acknowledges the ongoing danger as Trump had not yet condemned the attack or committed to leaving office, highlighting the continued threat to the country.

Part 2 Analysis

In Part 2, Cheney continues her exploration of The Integrity of American Democracy, shedding light on the events leading up to and during the January 6 Capitol riot. This section explores the dynamics of political leadership, constitutional duties, and the socio-political climate that culminated in the attack.

At the forefront of Cheney’s narrative is the theme of Upholding Constitutional Duties. She emphasizes the critical importance of adhering to constitutional principles over political convenience in Chapter 11, a conviction she articulated in a statement she put out on the morning of January 6: “We have sworn an oath under God to defend the Constitution. We uphold that oath at all times, not only when it is politically convenient” (61). Cheney’s statement highlights the tension between political motivations and constitutional obligations, emphasizing Cheney’s view that elected officials must remain true to their oath, even under immense political pressure.

The narrative also addresses the theme of Political Leadership in Times of Crisis. Cheney scrutinizes the actions and rhetoric of key political figures, including Trump. She notes Trump’s influential role in mobilizing his base, leading to the Capitol siege, summoning them to Washington for a “‘big protest’ on the day of the congressional vote count, promising them it would be ‘wild’” (61). Cheney points to Trump’s repeated claims of a “stolen election” and his calls for supporters to “fight like hell” (60), suggesting these incendiary remarks played a significant role in precipitating the January 6 events. While Cheney does not directly compare Trump’s rhetoric to specific historical instances, her analysis implicitly aligns with the concept that a leader’s emotionally charged and unsubstantiated claims can incite violence. Although Cheney’s narrative focuses on the immediate impact of Trump’s words on his supporters and the subsequent breach of the Capitol, the fact that her book was published in 2023 shows that the repercussions of his words have continued to be felt for years after the election.

Cheney recounts the initial moments of uncertainty and fear as she, Vice President Pence, and others were hurriedly evacuated from the House chambers. Her emphasis on this chaos, contrasting sharply with the Capitol’s usual order and security, underscores her portrayal of the attack’s shocking and unprecedented nature, highlighting the severity of the insurrection. Cheney does not shy away from detailing the violence of January 6, including the death of Ashli Babbit. These episodes strongly illustrate the escalation of political tensions. Cheney’s focus on these events serves as a reminder of the real and serious consequences of divisive rhetoric and the erosion of civil discourse, supporting her vilification of Trump and those who supported him at this time. Cheney’s own presence in the Capitol gives her narrative an active excitement and underpins the book’s signaling of her personal and moral right to seek justice for that event.

Cheney’s analysis extends beyond individual actions to critique the broader response of Republican politicians. Despite the absence of evidence, some continued to object to the election results. This stance, especially in the face of violence, demonstrates a disregard for the democratic process and public safety, revealing a deep ethical crisis within the party.

Cheney’s stance and detailed account of January 6 provide a commentary on the current state and potential future of the Republican Party. Her role as a dissenting voice within her party—though this wasn’t always the case—suggests an important moment in the party’s ideological evolution. Cheney’s message here is that the consequences will inevitably have far-reaching implications for the party’s identity and America’s political discourse going forward. This is part of her book’s overall purpose as a “warning.”

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