103 pages • 3 hours read
Jane AustenA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
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The novel opens with a description of its heroine, Catherine Morland. She is the daughter of a clergyman and one of ten children. Catherine is thin and awkward, with pale skin and flat hair. Growing up, she prefers activities and toys typically reserved for her brothers, and has few, if any, accomplishments. Generally, Catherine is a poor student in all her subjects, and she is overjoyed every time one of her tutors is released from the family’s service.
By the age of fifteen, Catherine’s physical appearance is “mending,” as she grows into her body and begins curling her hair. Catherine soon develops an intense love of novels, especially the macabre gothic novels popular at the time. Catherine has never been in love, and no one has ever been in love with her, because she has not had opportunities to meet people in Fullerton, the small village where she grows up. As her interests become more traditionally feminine, her parents remark that she is “almost pretty,” which Catherine takes as a wonderful compliment. At age seventeen, Catherine is invited to accompany a Mr. Allen to his property in Bath.
As Catherine prepares for her six-week-long trip to Bath, there is very little fanfare or hubbub surrounding Catherine’s departure. The only eventful thing that happens on the trip itself is that Mrs. Allen worries she may have forgot her shoes at a previous stop. When they arrive in Bath, Catherine’s and Mrs. Allen’s first few days are filled with shopping trips, hair appointments, and beauty treatments, because Mrs. Allen adores fashion with the same intensity as Catherine adores novels.
Catherine’s makeover meets Mrs. Allen’s approval, and by the end of the first week they attend their first social event: a ball in the Upper Rooms. Mrs. Allen takes so long getting ready that they arrive late, and since Catherine does not know anybody in Bath, no one asks her to dance. Catherine feels awkward and Mrs. Allen laments the fact that everyone else in attendance is a stranger to them. Mr. Allen comes to take them home as the crowds begin to thin out, and as people depart Catherine notices that more men take note of her presence. She overhears two men call her pretty, and she leaves feeling satisfied.
One night, at a ball in the Lower Rooms, the master of ceremonies introduces Catherine to a young gentleman, perhaps twenty-five years old, named Mr. Henry Tilney. The two dance, after which they sit down to talk. Catherine thinks Henry is a handsome gentleman, and she enjoys conversing with him. Henry teases Catherine and she finds him amusing, but she worries that laughing would make her seem rude. Henry jokes that she is probably going to write about him in her journal, saying she will write about him as a strange man who bothered her with his bizarre behavior, although he hopes she would write something complimentary.
Mrs. Allen interrupts their conversation by saying she needs Catherine to help fix her sleeve. Henry and Mrs. Allen talk for some time about fabrics, and his knowledge from buying gowns for his sister impresses her. Although Catherine wonders if Henry takes too much pleasure in discussing people’s quirks, she agrees to dance with him. He asks what she is thinking about, and she blushes and says she was not thinking of anything. At the end of the ball, Catherine hopes she will see Henry again. Mr. Allen asks around about Henry and learns he is a clergyman from a respectable family in Gloucestershire.
The next day, Catherine and Mrs. Allen visit the Pump-room. Catherine searches for Henry in the crowds but does not see him. Mrs. Allen still bemoans not having any acquaintances in Bath, and at that exact moment she and Catherine are approached by her old schoolmate, Mrs. Thorpe. The two have not seen one another in about fifteen years, and appear excited by their reunion. They compliment one another’s looks, share updates on their respective families, and talk over each other the whole time. Mrs. Thorpe is a widow with six children, and she proudly lords her accomplishment of motherhood over Mrs. Allen, who has no children. Mrs. Allen comforts herself by thinking about how Mrs. Thorpe is not nearly as well-dressed as she is.
Soon, Mrs. Thorpe’s daughters join their conversation, and the eldest observes that Catherine looks like her brother. Catherine’s eldest brother James befriended their brother John, and James spent part of the Christmas holidays at the Thorpes’ house. The eldest daughter, Isabella, offers to walk around the Pump-room with Catherine, and the two begin a friendship. Isabella is older than Catherine by four years, but her demeanor is so warm and friendly that Catherine does not feel intimidated by their age difference. Isabella offers to share her knowledge of Bath, and even walks Catherine home to Mr. Allen’s door. Catherine is so excited by this new friendship that she nearly forgets about Henry.
The novel begins on an immediately satirical note, presenting its “unlikely” heroine as a relentlessly ordinary young woman. Catherine is unremarkable because she is not distinguished by great beauty, intelligence, or high social standing—instead, she is fairly plain, not overly intelligent, and from a comfortable but modest social background. Catherine’s ordinary life stands in sharp contrast with her taste in reading: She is distinguished by her special fondness for gothic novels, the melodramatic plots of which are far removed from her quiet existence in the English countryside. Thus, from the very beginning, the novel’s narrative sets up a humorous divide between the world Catherine encounters in her reading and the more humdrum world she inhabits—much of the novel’s action will revolve around Catherine’s struggles to distinguish between the two.
Catherine’s trip to Bath with the Allens gives her an opportunity to finally experience a wider world, but her naivety leaves her unprepared in several respects. Mrs. Allen does not provide much guidance, as she is not particularly intellectual or talented either, and the main “accomplishment” she possesses is her husband’s wealth. All Mrs. Allen manages to do is talk about people’s clothes; her shallow interests and behavior suggest that Catherine has now entered a world of superficiality and social niceties that she is ill-equipped to navigate, with no one to lead her. Her lack of worldliness leaves her especially susceptible to Isabella’s offer of friendship, even though Isabella will soon reveal herself to be superficial and untrustworthy.
The dynamic between Henry and Catherine during their first conversation reveals the differences between them in terms of both maturity and worldliness. Henry’s joking and casual manner amuses Catherine, but she is innocent enough about the world that she does not pick up on much of his humor and can be quite literal in her responses. The disparity between their levels of sophistication suggests that Catherine will have to evolve and mature a bit before she is capable of having a more equal relationship with him.
By Jane Austen