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James BaldwinA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Baldwin interviews Ingmar Bergman in Stockholm. Baldwin has a high opinion of Bergman’s work, calling him “one of the very few genuine artists now working in films” (164). Bergman’s films were not as successful as his peers’ while he was alive, but he brought fame to Swedish film.
Baldwin carefully details his encounters with Bergman, including the filmmaker’s care for Baldwin, who was sick at the time of their interview. However, Baldwin distrusts Bergman and his artist’s sensibility. He writes about Bergman’s films and the recurring themes that appear in them, such as the inevitability of death or the price of art. Regarding Stockholm, Bergman insists that the city is a village, and he regrets the Americanization of his home. Baldwin reflects on what “Americanization” means, especially to those outside of the United States. He determines that “Americanization” refers to the way change uproots tradition and history.
Baldwin is struck by how Bergman reminds him of Black Protestants from home. On his taxi ride after the interview, he conceives of a movie that explores his own past in the way Bergman tackles his in film. Baldwin realizes that the only way he will be able to write through his bitterness would be to make the subject of his work himself.
In 1960, James Baldwin and Ingmar Bergman met in Stockholm for an interview for Esquire. Bergman was a prolific filmmaker of intimate films set in his home country of Sweden. Baldwin’s essay has two important take-aways. The first is his connection to Bergman’s background and his ability to connect with Bergman on the topic of strict, religious fathers. Baldwin’s own father was a minister and had a profound effect on him. Bergman looks back on his childhood and his experiences with his father with little thought. He expresses that he has moved on. Baldwin attributes this to the difference in their environments.
In Chapter 9, he suggests that every writer should make a point to connect his personal experience to the experiences of the reader. His ability to find a common thread with Bergman is indicative of his unique talent at finding patterns and making sense of them.
The author exhibits this quality further in the way he relates his interview with Bergman to America’s racial climate. Sitting with Bergman, a white filmmaker, in Sweden may not seem like it would directly correlate to the civil unrest of the 1960s United States. However, Baldwin recognizes Bergman’s fear of the Americanization of Stockholm as an indictment of American identity. For Bergman and others around the world, “Americanization” represents a shift toward materialism and violence, upending The Complexities of Identity in new ways. Baldwin asserts that America lacks identity, so the concern over Americanization is really a concern about a loss of identity.
By James Baldwin
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