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63 pages 2 hours read

Virginia Woolf

Mrs. Dalloway

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1925

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Pages 130-182Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Pages 130-154 Summary

In his home on the Strand, Septimus Smith watches the light changing on the wallpaper while Rezia finishes making a hat at the table. Septimus and Rezia discuss Mrs. Peters, the intended recipient of the hat on which Rezia is working, and when Rezia finishes the hat, Septimus looks at it with great admiration: “Never had he done anything which made him feel so proud. It was so real, it was so substantial, Mrs. Peters’ hat” (135). When the girl comes to deliver the evening paper, Rezia dances with the little girl as they usually do, and then drops her with her mother, leaving Septimus alone in the flat. He calls for Evans just as Rezia returns. Septimus remembers that Dr. Bradshaw has decided that “he must be taught to rest” (137), which means that he and Rezia must be separated, and Septimus rages internally at the thought of being “in their power” (138). Rezia tries to reassure Septimus, telling him “No one could separate them” (130) as she packs their things, but she leaves the flat to intercept Dr. Holmes, who is coming up the stairs to see Septimus. As Dr. Holmes approaches the door to the flat, Septimus “flung himself vigorously, violently down on to Mrs. Filmer’s area railings” (140), killing himself. Dr. Holmes gives Rezia a sedative to calm her, leaving her behind in the flat as he tends to the body of Septimus Smith and as Mrs. Filmer thinks to herself that “[m]arried people ought to be together” (141).

The ambulance carrying Septimus Smith speeds past Peter Walsh, who marvels at the “efficiency, the organization, the communal spirit of London” (141) as he watches the vehicle weave through traffic. While “[l]ooking back over that long friendship of almost thirty years” (143) with Clarissa, Peter realizes that “[s]he had influenced him more than any person he had ever known” (143). As Peter enters his hotel, he finds a letter waiting for him, which interrupts his memories of Bourton and Clarissa. Reading the message from Clarissa upsets him: “Heavenly to see you!” (145) Peter thinks of Daisy, back in India, “the dark, adorably pretty girl” (147), and looks at Daisy’s photograph. He goes downstairs for dinner, deciding that he will go to Clarissa’s party that evening after all, “because he wanted to ask Richard what they were doing in India” (150). Peter sits smoking, watching the city change as evening approaches: “the traffic thinned […] and here and there among the thick foliage of the squares an intense light hung” (151). As Peter makes his way towards the Dalloway residence, he observes Londoners readying themselves for their dinners out and leaving their homes, “as if the whole place were floating off in carnival” (153).

Pages 154-182 Summary

At the Dalloway residence, the servants are getting ready for the evening’s event. The Prime Minister will be coming, and “Mr. Dalloway had sent for the tokay, from the Emperor’s cellars, the Imperial Tokay” (155). The guests begin to arrive as the food travels from the kitchen, and as Peter enters, he sees that Clarissa “was at her worst—effusive, insincere” (156) and regrets coming. At the same time, Clarissa fears her party will be “a complete failure” (157), simultaneously thinking to herself “how Peter put her into these states just by coming and standing in a corner” (157). Clarissa observes her guests interact with each other, but “it was too much of an effort” (159) and Clarissa does not enjoy herself.

Suddenly, Sally Seton appears in front of Clarissa, “older, happier, less lovely” (160), and in her joy to see Sally, Clarissa also “saw her rooms full, heard the roar of voices, saw the candlesticks, the blowing curtains, and the roses which Richard had given her” (160-61). Their reunion is interrupted by the arrival of the Prime Minister, and Clarissa escorts him down the room and “felt that intoxication of the moment, that dilation of the nerves of the heart itself till it seemed to quiver, steeped, upright” (163). While Clarissa tends to the Prime Minister and her other guests, including Lady Bruton, who was “a spectral grenadier, draped in black” (168), Peter Walsh and Sally Seton remember the past together. The Bradshaws arrive, “whom [Clarissa] disliked” (170), and apologize for their tardy arrival. Lady Bradshaw explains to Clarissa as Dr. Bradshaw explains to Richard that one of Dr. Bradshaw’s patients had killed himself: “He had been in the army…He had thrown himself from a window” (172). Clarissa resents their mentioning such a topic at her party, but she ruminates on the death of the young stranger, reflecting on her own complex thoughts about life and death and feeling “in the depths of her heart an awful fear” (173). She feels guilty for some reason: “She had schemed. She had pilfered. She was never wholly admirable. She had wanted success” (173). At Bourton, when she was young, was when Clarissa had felt the happiest. As the clock strikes three in the morning, Clarissa hears “people still laughing and shouting in the drawing-room” (174) and does not feel sorry for the young man who killed himself. She goes to find Peter and Sally.

Peter and Sally are sitting together on a sofa. As Sally mentions her five sons, Peter observes in her “[t]he softness of motherhood; its egotism too” (175). Sally notices Peter playing with his pocketknife, just like he did in the old days, and she observes that he is “rather shriveled-looking, but kinder, she felt, and she had a real affection for him, for he was connected with her youth” (175). Sally reflects on her friendship with Clarissa, saying out loud to Peter, “how could Clarissa have done it?—married Richard Dalloway? a sportsman, a man who cared only for dogs” (177). Peter agrees that “it had been a silly thing to do” (178). Sally and Peter discuss Clarissa, her tendency toward snobbery and her way of being “hard on people” (179), as well as “how generous to her friends Clarissa was” (179). Peter confesses to Sally that “[o]ne could not be in love twice” (180), which inspires Sally to assure Peter that “Clarissa had cared for him more than she had ever cared for Richard” (180). As Peter protests, Elizabeth Dalloway crosses the room, and they admire her beauty and the devotion between Elizabeth and her father, with whom Elizabeth is now talking. Clarissa is suddenly visible, and Peter feels “extraordinary excitement” upon seeing her. (182).

Pages 130-182 Analysis

Septimus marvels over the completeness of Rezia’s hat, illustrating his emptiness; though he has accomplished much in his short life, Septimus is unable to see the meaningful realities of his actions for what they actually are. The suicide of Septimus is dramatic and painful, visually jarring and emotionally shocking. Woolf presents this moment in the novel from the point of view of Septimus, and the reader is inside the head of Septimus in the moments leading up to his death. The dramatic irony of this scenario is poignant; Rezia may never truly understand her husband and what led him to kill himself at this very moment the way the reader does.

As the party at the Dalloway residence begins, the reader understands Clarissa’s behavior through Peter Walsh’s interpretations of her actions. Clarissa’s mindset is revealed in glimpses, but the reader continues to learn about Clarissa through other individuals and their memories of her. Significantly, however, Clarissa’s reaction to the news of the death of Dr. Bradshaw’s patient is telling; she does not feel pity for the young man whose name she does not know, and, in fact, she can relate to his decision to take his own life. If Clarissa is a symbol of Virginia Woolf herself, then perhaps this moment in the novel prophesies Woolf’s own suicide by drowning sixteen years after the publication of Mrs. Dalloway.

The unexpected arrival of Sally Seton shocks Clarissa, and perhaps this emotional event has exposed a vulnerability in Clarissa that she does not realize she possesses. The unsatisfied desires of Clarissa’s youth may have come into high definition upon seeing Sally again, and hearing about her marriage and five sons. The defiant masculine focus of Sally’s life contrasts with Clarissa’s experience with motherhood; Clarissa has only Elizabeth, one daughter, and at the moment, she suspects Elizabeth of engaging in a love affair with her governess. Though Clarissa dislikes the female love object in question, she does not disapprove of the same-sex element to the possible relationship; Clarissa may be a snob, but she is not a hypocrite.

The novel ends with Peter Walsh’s realization that the sight of Clarissa at her own party, ironically, brings him excitement and anticipation. For readers who believe that Peter must still be in love with Clarissa, this moment may serve as confirmation of that fact.

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