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52 pages 1 hour read

Pedro Martín

Mexikid: A Graphic Memoir

Nonfiction | Graphic Memoir | Middle Grade | Published in 2023

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Background

Genre and Format Context: Mexikid as Graphic, Coming-of-Age Memoir

Mexikid is a memoir—a nonfiction, autobiographical narrative that recounts a limited period of time in the author’s own life. Mexikid focuses on author/illustrator Pedro Martín’s childhood memories of a family trip from Watsonville, California to Jalisco, Mexico and back. Like many stories aimed at young readers and featuring young protagonists, Mexikid is also a coming-of-age story. It shows how both the happy and sad moments in the Martín family’s trip impacted Pedro and caused him to become more mature.

Martín presents his memories in a graphic narrative format, using both text and sequential art to tell the story. This structure makes Mexikid accessible to young, early readers despite some of the abstract and emotionally challenging concepts that Martín’s story conveys. Martín uses the conventions of comic art to control the story’s pace and tone. The varying panel shapes and sizes, tier configurations, and art styles sometimes create a sense of rapid action that keeps the narrative moving. Other times, they slow the story down to capture the nuances of a moment and convey important concepts. The story’s humorous sequences are conveyed through energetic, cartoon-style art that uses bright colors, heavy lines, and sometimes chaotic frame composition, while its serious, more sensitive sequences are conveyed through a more washed-out palette and a more naturalistic style that makes use of delicate lines and simpler, more static compositions. Helpful exposition and mood cues are conveyed throughout the story via inset panels and captions that describe Pedro’s personality and attitudes clearly. The graphic narrative format of the memoir thus encourages both reader engagement and comprehension.

Historical Context: The Mexican Revolution

Part of the reason Pedro is so impressed by his grandfather is that his grandfather lived through the Mexican Revolution. Pedro mentions the revolution several times and tries to seek out stories from his family members that confirm his belief in his grandfather as a hero of the revolution. The truth turns out to be more nuanced: his grandfather did live through these times and did perform brave actions, but he was not a fighter in the revolution itself. Pedro is fixated on this possibility because the Mexican Revolution was a pivotal moment in the history and culture of Mexico.

In the early 1900s, Mexican dictator Porfirio Díaz embarked on an ambitious modernization campaign. He and the oligarchs who supported him grew wealthy exploiting rural workers and exporting Mexico’s resources to foreign nations. Díaz made many unpopular decisions that dispossessed working-class Mexicans of their land, and he enforced his policies through state-sanctioned violence and repression. Desperate, Mexicans staged a revolution in 1910 that ushered in several decades of violence and instability that took nearly 1 million lives. The revolution rid Mexico of dictatorial regimes and established modern Mexico’s democratic government, giving more power to the working class. The revolution also created folk heroes of men like Emiliano Zapata and Pancho Villa, giving rise to cultural expressions like corrido music and Mexican muralism, and dramatically changed Mexican cuisine. Although the revolution came at a great cost, it defined much of the political and cultural landscape of modern Mexico.

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