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53 pages 1 hour read

Leif Enger

I Cheerfully Refuse

Fiction | Short Story Collection | Adult | Published in 2024

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Chapters 1-10Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary: “First Do No Harm”

Content Warning: This guide includes moments of and references to suicide, addiction, abuse, and domestic violence.

Rainier, or Rainy to his friends, lives with his wife, Lark, in Icebridge, a town on the shore of Lake Superior. He’s a bass guitarist, giving lessons to local kids and playing in local bars. She runs a bookstore called Bread. One winter night, Rainy’s friend Labrino stops by to talk. Labrino owns a local bar, often hiring Rainy and his band to play. Like many people, Labrino worries about the world’s declining state, and as he and Rainy talk about the Tashi Comet, due to pass Earth the next year, he predicts doom. He mentions how after Haley’s Comet last passed Earth in 1986, the spaceship Challenger exploded, and then the nuclear disaster in Chernobyl occurred. Rainy pushes back, but Labrino won’t budge and requests Rainy play a song. When Lark returns home, Labrino leaves.

Chapter 2 Summary: “Quixotes”

Lark reminds Rainy that they have a boarder coming. The couple rents their attic room to travelers. Many pass through quietly on their way to Canada, where they hope to escape abusive working conditions. When Rainy asks why Lark seems so excited, she tells him that the boarder gave her a copy of I Cheerfully Refuse, the unpublished final book by her literary idol, Molly Thorn. The boarder’s name is Kellan, and Lark tells Rainy that he has a burned and twisted hand.

Rainy wonders whether Kellan is a “squelette,” the French word for skeleton, which refers to impoverished workers fleeing the US. The term caught on after a group of Michigan laborers made it across Lake Huron to Canada only to be discovered emaciated and frozen, prompting the Québécois man who found them to yell “squelettes!” Kellan arrives. He’s too shy to accept any food, though he seems starved. Later that night, as Rainy and Lark talk in bed, Rainy asks where Kellan found the book, and she says she doesn’t know. What Lark does know is that Kellan plans to eventually continue on to his uncle’s place in Thunder Bay.

Chapter 3 Summary: “The Greenstone Fair”

Rainy believes that Lake Superior is more of a sea than a lake and has a mind of its own. He remembers how during his first summer there, a dark storm cloud over the lake sank two big tankers in storms. When Rainy wakes the morning after Kellan’s arrival, Lark has left for the bookshop. At breakfast, Kellan asks if Rainy knows anyone who could help fix his Ford Ranchero. The car needs new parts, so Rainy suggests a trip to nearby Greenstone, where a market will surely have what Kellan needs. On their drive, Kellan tells Rainy that he worked a job in food science, designing dietary supplements for “astronauts,” the country’s remaining wealthy and powerful people. As they near Greenstone, Rainy begins to feel as though Kellan is his kid brother and admires the portraits he draws of others.

In Greenstone, Kellan sifts through crates looking for the parts he needs. While he does, a police officer known as Apeknuckle approaches the woman running the stall, demanding a discount. She refuses and hits his knee with a crankshaft, breaking his leg. Kellan is unsuccessful in his search, and he and Rainy find a stall to eat at. Rainy reads a story in the Mosquito, an anonymous local newspaper, about a group of kids in Green Bay that took Willow, a new drug that people use to peacefully end their lives and transition to a new adventure when they see no future ahead. Riding back to Icebridge, Kellan admits that he broke a six-year labor contract and is on the run. As he walks into the house, Kellan trips, and Rainy hears metallic clinks in his pocket. Kellan promises that he meant to pay, but in the confusion of the fight with Apeknuckle, he just took the pieces.

Chapter 4 Summary: “When a Flame Is Lit, Move Toward It”

Rainy met Lark when he was 28 and worked as a painter in Duluth. He went to the library to eat his lunch in warmth and noticed her voice. It was a calm presence, addressing the frustration of patrons struggling to navigate recent cuts to the library system. He visited often, neglecting his job, sneaking glances at her and the birthmark on her face, and reading books she suggested to others. Through Lark, he learned of Molly Thorn, making Kellan’s possession of I Cheerfully Refuse even more exciting.

Chapter 5 Summary: “When You See Him Standing in Your Kitchen”

Rainy helps Kellan work on his car. After leaning on the vehicle and nearly crushing Rainy under it, Kellan runs up to his attic. Rainy finds him using nitrous oxide and speaking gibberish. He mentions spending time on a medicine ship and panics, insisting that he must leave before Werryck arrives. Kellan is terrified of this man and warns that he shows up unexpectedly and that when he does it’s best to run.

Rainy ponders this medicine ship, remembering a bronchial outbreak from his youth that was so bad an astronaut donated tankers as hospitals. These ships didn’t remain hospitals for long, though: The astronaut’s children decided after his death to convert the ships into pharmaceutical research centers. When Lark arrives home, she tells Rainy about a book collection going on sale in Duluth.

Chapter 6 Summary: “A Bear in Human Form”

On Monday mornings, Rainy teaches music to children. They all score highly on the Feral Comportment Continuum, making some even “impervious to reality” and difficult to control (36). He has a special connection with Tonio, a boy who enjoys music but struggles to connect with other kids. One day, as Rainy leaves, Tonio runs out to him, chased by the children who attack him. Rainy shoos them away and tells Tonio that he’ll protect him.

Chapter 7 Summary: “An Affable Ghost Anchored Nearby”

Rainy goes to the shed, where he’s repairing his boat, Flowers. Flowers was his neighbor’s boat, but he left it to Rainy when he died. In the shed, Rainy recalls the time he and Lark took a sailing trip when they were younger. Lark grew up with boats and took the lead, renting a boat and sailing them to the Slate Islands in Lake Superior. At first, the wind favored them, though the lake became unpredictable and they fought to keep the boat afloat overnight in a storm. When they arrived at the Slate Islands, they met an older woman on another boat, who shared rich stories from her life with them. The woman didn’t share where she came from, and Lark later suggested to Rainy that the woman was the spirit of Molly Thorn, though both thought the author was surely dead.

Chapter 8 Summary: “Trouble Me No More”

Kellan stays into spring, wearing an anti-infection mask and hat to hide his appearance. He helps around the house, but Rainy worries about him. Kellan continues having episodes after using nitrous oxide, screaming about Werryck during the night. When the books in Duluth go on sale, Lark asks Rainy to join her, but his band has a gig so he can’t go. Kellan volunteers to go in his place, but Rainy is nervous. The roads to Duluth are dangerous. Lark assures him they’ll be fine, and they leave.

While driving to his gig, Rainy sees Labrino standing at his door. Rainy stops, noticing that, for once, Labrino isn’t lost in despair. Labrino cheerfully invites Rainy in, eager to share the good news about his son, who will soon pay off his debt to his employer. Slowly, Rainy realizes that Labrino is happy because he took Willow, seeing no future ahead. Labrino asks Rainy to stay with him and play him a song, but dies before Rainy can get his guitar. Rainy plays and sings anyway, waiting for the ambulance.

Later that night, Lark is excited after buying the whole collection in Duluth. She asks why Rainy seems upset, and he tells her about Labrino. She cries at the news and asks that Rainy not throw her a birthday party, thinking it inappropriate to celebrate the day after a tragedy.

Chapter 9 Summary: “A Church You Could Bear”

Lark and Rainy go to the shop to unload the news books onto the shelves. As they work, an old man comes in and looks around before asking if Lark has anything special behind the counter. She shows him I Cheerfully Refuse but refuses to sell it to him. That night, the town comes to Rainy and Lark’s home to celebrate Lark’s 36th birthday. The old man from the shop appears and asks Rainy strange questions, hinting that the “decent” life Rainy enjoys is coming to an end. Rainy ignores the comments and searches for Kellan, who after helping set everything up went missing. Rainy asks a stranger lingering outside if he saw Kellan leave, but the man is no help. After the party, Lark and Rainy review the night. She suggests another trip to the Slate Islands, though she refers to it in the past tense.

Chapter 10 Summary: “See Like a Shroud”

The morning after the party, Kellan’s room is empty. Rainy goes to the shop to tell Lark, who understands why Rainy is sad seeing the boy go but reminds him that Kellan always meant to leave. As they talk, a microburst hits the town, and wind sweeps through the streets. Maudie, who owns the bakery the bookshop is in, watches with Lark and Rainy as her dog, Vixen, goes flying by. When the wind dies down, they split up and walk through the town, looking for the dog. After hours of fruitless searching, Rainy returns home to find the house a wreck. He runs up to the attic, calling Lark’s name, but finds her there dead on the floor.

Chapters 1-10 Analysis

The opening chapters of I Cheerfully Refuse introduce a near-future dystopian world in which climate change and growing wealth disparity create myriad problems. The most glaring result of this dystopia is the ways in which it deteriorates everyday life in small communities. As the upper levels of society (nicknamed “astronauts”) hoard wealth, the government’s ability to provide for the lower classes diminishes. Roads go unpaved, and public services disappear. One severe example of this is the library cutbacks: “The library had recently scaled back its services, and there was a long shuffling queue waiting for assistance. […] Their inquiries were nervous, angry, imperious, frightened” (27). When Rainy first met Lark, years before the novel’s events, she worked in a library at a time when libraries began having to reduce their services. Rainy’s observations about the library’s patrons' reactions demonstrate how a growing sense of dystopia scares and angers people. This moment, in which a long-standing public institution weakens, introduces one of the book’s primary themes, Navigating Dystopia. Because public services are in decline, individualism and independence become more useful and essential as communities use their own resources to strengthen themselves. A direct result of this, specific to the library, is Lark’s own mission, years later, to create a well-stocked bookshop in Icebridge.

While Lark works in her bookshop, Rainy works as a musician, playing gigs with his band around town at various bars. In addition, he gives music lessons to local children once a week. One of his students, Tonio, struggles to fit in and is deemed a problematic child by his teacher, as he rarely listens and can be unpredictable. Rainy, however, can connect with him, which thematically introduces The Influence of Music on the Human Experience. Rainy uses music to communicate with Tonio and support him: “Tonio had a broad pale forehead with a small heart-shaped cleft at the peak. In class he never spoke but responded to music by leaning slightly to one side while his eyes defocused as if looking inward” (37). When Rainy plays, Tonio finds peace in the music and can look inward. This is an important experience for him, to feel the safety and support to zone out, because he’s often preoccupied with defending himself against his classmates. Through Rainy’s music, he and Tonio develop a relationship, and Tonio looks to Rainy for protection from the other students and his teacher. Rainy recognizes what music can give to others and uses it in a positive way with Tonio, providing a moment of peace in an otherwise hectic life.

The dystopia of I Cheerfully Refuse creates not only an unpredictable world but also significant grief for the characters. Many people are in debt and desperate for support, and many lose family members to predatory programs that the astronauts run. Additionally, the deterioration of public services hinders medical advancement and treatment: Many who are sick have no hope of receiving medicine readily available only a generation ago. Therefore, many characters are grieving throughout the novel, in their own specific ways, introducing the theme of Processing Grief to Heal. For Labrino, whose son is away (indebted to an astronaut) and whose daughter has been missing for years, grief is overwhelming until he decides to take Willow: “He said grief had cost him heavily. Sadness banished heartening memories. Now some were returning. He treated me to five or six more as they arrived. Labrino was more than generous with his final hour” (63). Willow gives Labrino a peaceful transition out of his pain, and in the space between his current life and the next, he finds some relief from the grief that so heavily burdens him. Labrino realizes that grief has stolen his joy, and only when he knows that he’s about to escape his grief does he actually enjoy the world around him. In overcoming his grief, Labrino enjoys happy moments that for so long were clouded by his sadness. Rainy witnesses this process firsthand and feels shocked by the radical change in his friend.

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