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63 pages 2 hours read

Katherine Dunn

Geek Love

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1989

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Themes

The Importance of Family

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes depictions of incest, body horror, abuse, ableism, suicide, and assault. 

A major theme of the novel is the importance of the family. The Binewskis are a tight-knit family, basically just having each other as they travel from town to town with the Fabulon. Family for the Binewskis, especially Lil, even includes the dead babies in the jars in the Chute and Grandpa Binewski’s ashes in the urn bolted to the generator truck. In the opening chapter of the book, we see Al is the patriarch and driving force of the family, and his decision to custom-make his children is like Athena springing forth from the head of Zeus. Lil is the quiet strength of the family, slowly poisoning and addicting herself to the noxious elements that she takes for the sake of producing her “special” children. The children do not feel the need to seek out friends outside of their own family. Oly recalls: “And we would all be cozy in the warm booth of the van, eating popcorn and drinking cocoa and feeling like Papa’s roses” (10). The family’s relationships to each other evolve as the story goes on, with Al and Lil being less and less in charge, but the lives of the Binewskis are inexorably tied together to the very end.

Many of Arty’s actions are the result of his attempts to protect the family, though that is not apparent to his siblings. Arty sees Chick as a danger when Chick is still a baby, not just to his own primacy in the carnival but also because of what his powers can do to the family. In the end, Arty is right. Like a Greek tragedy, we know the disastrous ending of the family from the beginning, and watch it all coming. But it’s Arty’s own jealousy and anger that are the catalyst behind Chick’s destruction of their family. Arty set in motion the downfall of the family, years before.

In the “{NOTES FROM NOW}” chapters, we see that Oly has continued her connection to her family by her guardianship of both Lil and Miranda, even though neither one knows Oly’s true identity. Oly sacrifices having any kind of life of her own by making sure that both her mother and daughter are safe and provided for. Most of her time is spent watching them from afar and paying secretly for their needs. Miranda has no idea that Oly has paid for her trust and thus her time in the convent, her art school tuition, and her rent in the apartment building. Lil, because of her insanity, does not realize that Oly is performing the tasks she is paid to do as “manager” of the building. Oly does this all out of her sense of duty to them, as they are the only family she has left. 

Oly ponders the relationships between parents and children. She thinks children rely on their parents, even if they provide little real protection or true comfort, because they have no choice. Even as she grows older, Oly yearns for the protection of her mother: “I hated Mama for refusing to see enough to be miserable with me. Maybe too, enough of my childish heart was still with me to think that if she could only open her eyes she could fix it all back up like a busted toy” (278). When Oly becomes a parent herself, she comes to understand how hard it is to protect a child, but the bond of family is still her driving force.

Contrasting Perceptions of Freakishness and Normalcy

The modern definition of a “geek” is someone who is unfashionable or socially inept, and therefore viewed with distaste because they are not normal by society’s standards. This story uses a different definition of a geek, meaning a sideshow performer who bites the heads off live chickens, but there is a related sense of freakishness associated with everyone in the carnival. The Binewski children are viewed as freaks by “norms.” Norms are fascinated and attracted to the Binewskis and the Fabulon, but in the real world, the carnival performers are feared and despised for their physical abnormalities. Vern Bogner, a man who had never exhibited any signs of violence, feels compelled to kill members of the carnival troupe the instant he sees them. Lil says, “You can’t imagine what it is to realize that there are people at large whose first reaction to the sight of your children is to reach for a gun” (223). The doctors and nurses at the hospital also seem disgusted and frightened by the children’s freakishness, and Arty fears that they will be taken away from Lil because of their deformities. At Vern’s trial for shooting the children, a woman who was at the scene testifies, “If you ask me I’d say it was a charitable instinct for mercy. I felt the same way. I’m not one who’d say it was a wrong thing to do” (211).

Arty understands better than any of the family members how “norms” view the Binewski children. Early in life, Arty loves to read horror stories, which frighten Oly, who turns his pages for him. She wonders why Arty is not scared. Arty replies, “These are written by norms to scare norms. And do you know what the monsters and demons and rancid spirits are? Us, that’s what. You and me. We are the things that come to the norms in nightmares” (46).

Conversely, the Binewskis view norms as the true weirdos. Oly says that as a child, it would never have occurred to her to have a conversation with one of the “brutes.” Oly and her family see themselves as superior to norms; their abnormalities are a source of strength. Sanderson asks Oly if she would wish to snap her fingers and make her family physically and mentally normal. In reply, Oly scoffs, “That’s ridiculous! Each of us is unique. We are masterpieces. Why would I want us to change into assembly-line items? The only way you people can tell each other apart is by your clothes” (282).

The God Complex and Free Will

Arturism evolves largely as an outgrowth of Arty’s ideas about the world of norms, the carnival crowds he sees growing up, and from his copious readings. Arty believes that his understanding of human nature makes him perfectly suited to develop a way of life that people will choose freely. This is the reason Arty resists Dr. Phyllis’s desires to amputate the Arturans’ digits and limbs all at once. Arty wants the Admitted to choose each step of the long process through progressive procedures. Arty is accused of having a god complex, but he believes that his adherents see what the rest of the world has to offer and recognize Arturism, the abnegation of the superfluous self, as the undeniable choice. Yet Arty is remaking the Admitted in his own image, and they certainly view him as a godlike figure. Arty also does not tolerate dissent of his policies and program, so when Dr. Phyllis defies him and tries to bring other Arturans over to her side, Arty gets rid of them all in one fell swoop.

Similarly, Miss Lick acts in a godlike manner, paying to mold the bodies of her “projects” in ways that suit her. She sees it as a benevolent act, a way to set them free of the curse of their sexual attractiveness, so that they can live more meaningful, happier lives. Though both Miss Lick and Arty change these people physically and mentally, they both feel that they are not taking away free will, because their subjects always have a choice of whether or not to accept the change. Yet both of them cannot imagine why any sane, logical person would not see theirs as the better way.

Love

Another major theme of the story is love, and both the transformative power and pathology of familial love. The family is held together by love and loyalty, but torn apart by jealousy and fear. Oly’s love for Arty is a major motivation for how she behaves throughout the novel, in both positive and negative ways. Oly is loyal to Arty to a fault, even when it makes her unintentionally betray other people she loves, as when she follows Arty’s order to give the twins sleeping drops so that Elly can be lobotomized. Every scrap of loving attention that Arty gives her warms Oly’s heart, and every harsh word hurts her deeply. Even Arty driving away the Pin Kid, due to jealousy, makes Oly’s heart glad, because she thinks it means that Arty is afraid of losing her.

Arty’s love for Iphy also makes him do things that he later regrets, like lobotomizing Elly, who had always been a threat to his love. The twins’ love for each other is particularly complicated, because in the end, Iphy showed that she could love someone else, Mumpo, even more than she loved Elly, while Elly loved and wanted only Iphy. Both of these feelings lead to disaster and death.

Chick feels love for everyone, but he, too, is corrupted and ruined by trying to please, so that he would be loved in return. Only Lil, as his mother, tried to love him just for himself, but she could not counteract the corrosive effects the rest of the family had on Chick.

Motherly love is also a primary theme of the book. Lil's love of her family makes them the center of her universe, though the poisonous substances she ingests in order for them to be born “special” are later what pulls her away from them mentally, as she fades into insanity. Oly’s motherly love for Miranda causes her to betray someone she loves again, as the need to protect her child forces her to kill Mary Lick, the only friend she’s ever had. Miranda is conceived as a way for Oly to express her love for Arty, but once Miranda is born, she becomes Oly’s fundamental love.

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