56 pages • 1 hour read
Margarita EngleA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Poems 1-4 depict the return to everyday life once the series of crises settle into a new sense of normalcy and order. “A Swirl of Changes” depicts the narrator, Mad, Mom, and Dad within the new status quo. In “Travel Plans,” the family makes plans to travel to Europe if Mom can receive special permission. “Reality” describes her mother’s anxiety in response to news from Abuelita about the family’s increasing struggles and suffering under Cuban tyranny. The poem concludes with a description of American disinterest in Cuban affairs and the discussion about recent events in school. Instead history focuses on affairs far in the past. “My Own View of History” is a re-telling of the recent events that highlights her attempts to address American views of Cuba.
In Poems 5-8, the family travels to Europe. “Soaring” describes the view from the plane as the author overlooks the European landscape. “Nomads” describes the joy the family feels as they travel once again. “Cave Paintings” is about the author’s reflections on writing poetry as she sees cave paintings in Spain. “Imaginary Horses” describes her acceptance of writing and inspiration despite the loss she has experienced. She alludes to Don Quixote once again, describing her father’s playful antics and her daydreams.
“Secret Languages” is Abuelita’s update about the family in Cuba, written in poetic code to pass censors that attempt to control communication.
Poems 10-12 are the author’s reflections on village life as the family stays in a village in Spain for a month. “Village Life” describes the festivals they attend and seeing Roma caravans pass by on horse-drawn wagons. In “Unanswerable Questions” the author speaks with the villagers who question American support of Spain’s dictatorial leader while she observes her family. She reflects on her inability to answer difficult questions. In “Final Flames” the author describes the villagers uniting to pass buckets of water in a chain to put out a fire in the village.
Poems 13 and 14 are about poetic imagination and hope for the future. In “My Second Wing,” the author describes using poetry to overcome life’s struggles. She describes how travel taught her that other places can inspire magic and creativity just like Cuba. She concludes with a poem about hope for the future and the return of peace to Cuba as well as a return to good relations between America and Cuba.
A timeline of major events from the Cold War written by the author follows the narrative.
The author includes a final note about the Cold War and the trauma from that period of life. She explains her focus on travel to tell her story.
Part 5 represents the resolution and falling action of the narrative. The mood is thoughtful, with an atmosphere developed by poems that reflect on the conclusions the author can draw from her experiences. It is a short section, made up of only 14 poems, followed by a timeline of Cold War events and an Author’s Note that provide additional context and information to understand the memoir.
The first poems establish the healing atmosphere through allusions to earlier symbolism of the isolation and trauma that build throughout the story. “A Swirl of Changes” begins by noting that “[some] lost things can be brought back to life” (167), alluding to the metaphors that compare the author to a stray cat in “Strays” and her family to the discarded plants in “Revived” in Part 4 of the narrative. “Travel Plans” demonstrates that travel will be central to this process as they plan to visit Europe for a summer, a new normal that parallels the summers spent in Cuba as a child. This makes travel a key part of closure and healing in the author’s metaphorical journey, an important aspect of the Travel theme.
“Reality” and “My Own View of History” juxtapose the new reality of life at home, a reality that includes attempts to deflect the trauma of the Cuban Missile Crisis and forget about the island nation of Cuba. “My Own View of History” is the author’s answer to the American perspective of events. She records her own history, a narrative moment that continues to foreground acceptance and healing to represent narrative closure.
“Soaring” continues to create parallels between summers in Cuba and the upcoming summer trip to Europe, alluding to “Fluttering.” Both poems describe a bird’s-eye view of the landscape below. This allows the author to find similarities and differences between the two landscapes, another approach that establishes an atmosphere of acceptance rather than joy. The mood this evokes is content rather than the effusive anticipation of travel between America and Cuba in her youth.
Poems 6 and 7 continue developing this parallel. “Nomadic” alludes to earlier poems that establish travel as an ironic escape from the struggles of home, an allusion reinforced when she describes herself as “free to be / child-hearted again, filled with wonder” (174). This allusion continues to develop the Travel theme by describing reflections that clarify any misunderstandings of the symbolic significances in representations of travel, home, and Cuba earlier in the memoir. The author pairs this with “Cave Painting,” where the poem compares cave paintings in Spain to her poetry, moments of inspiration that she achieves as much through travel as Cuban culture. She begins to “understand / that each time [she scribbles] / a poem on [her] wall / [she] is not alone” (175). This creates an atmosphere of belonging alongside acceptance to support healing and closure through poetry as well travel.
The author follows this with multiple poems that include elements of pastoral imagery developed earlier in the text. These include “Imaginary Horses,” “Village Life,” and “Final Flames.” These poems intersperse this imagery with brief encounters with locals who ask questions like those the author asks in poems describing her childhood visits to Cuba, the dual imagery muting the pastoral atmosphere. The questions focus on American international relations with Spain, highlighting the struggles she experienced are like problems elsewhere in the world. This demonstrates the author’s maturity as she accepts these questions are unanswerable in “Unanswerable Questions.” The muted pastoral atmosphere and demonstrable maturity of the author’s reflections continue to develop a mood of contentment rather than joy that indicates acceptance.
The atmosphere of acceptance and mood of contentment are important to the conclusion of the memoir. “Hope” is a poem about the future. The author acknowledges that her future will be beautiful but concludes with the hope for “normal diplomatic relations” as well (185). The author accepts a reality where her future is not reliant upon the future of Cuban/American relations. At the same time she is hopeful this will occur. The author does not write a traditional happy ending. Instead, she describes acceptance and belonging.
By Margarita Engle
Books About Art
View Collection
Coming-of-Age Journeys
View Collection
Cuban Literature
View Collection
Family
View Collection
Hispanic & Latinx American Literature
View Collection
Inspiring Biographies
View Collection
Juvenile Literature
View Collection
School Book List Titles
View Collection
War
View Collection