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101 pages 3 hours read

Lauren Wolk

Echo Mountain

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2020

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Symbols & Motifs

The Mountain

The mountain on which Ellie and her family make their home is a multi-layered symbol of The Duality in All Things, representing home, nature, provider, and wildness. On one side of the mountain live Ellie’s family and four neighboring families, all of whom came to the mountain after the stock market crash to survive during difficult times. On the other side of the mountain live Cate, Larkin and his mother, and the other people who have made their livelihoods on top of the mountain for generations. The mountain acts as a divider between these two worlds, but it also connects them when Ellie and Cate meet and develop a bond. Cate’s home, where Ellie initially trespasses in search of help, becomes like a second home to Ellie. At the novel’s conclusion, Ellie welcomes Cate into her home. Ellie realizes that the mountain belongs to all of them, but at the same time, “a mountain didn’t seem like something that could be owned” (191). During one of the most difficult periods in American history, the mountain provided a home and source of life and sustenance for Ellie’s family and their neighbors. Ellie, her brother, and likely her father as well, are born to be wild; her sister and mother are not. The mountain thus acts as a dualistic symbol in a second way, representing the divide between Ellie and her family.

The mountain also acts as a motif that strings together the plot and character arcs of the story. Like the mountain itself, Ellie’s journey consists of a slow buildup of tension as the novel’s suspense builds and its pacing slowly picks up. Chapters are increasingly left on cliff-hangers as the reader knows as little as Ellie does about what is to come next. By the time Esther is accompanying Ellie to Cate’s cabin, the narrative has nearly reached its peak. Ellie’s Persistence in the Face of Obstacles, which once seemed to be bearing little fruit, has now begun producing results. Her mother and sister are changing, her father is slowly stirring, and she has made new friends in Cate and Larkin.

Dogs

Dogs arise as a multi-dimensional symbol throughout Echo Mountain, but primarily as a symbol of The Force of Healing. The novel opens as Ellie carries a seemingly dead puppy in her arms. She instinctively gets an urge to plunge the puppy into a pail of cold water: “The flicker, the flame, the voice all tugged me toward the bucket where I plunged the baby dog deep into the cold, cold water and held him there until I felt him suddenly lurch and struggle” (4). Ellie names her new companion Quiet, and Samuel comments that the dog’s name is “a heartbeat name. You know: two parts. Ba-bum. Ba-bum” (6). Samuel’s remark illustrates the dogs’ secondary purpose as a symbol: they serve to unite two worlds.

Ellie regularly draws parallels between the dogs and her family and friends. When she first holds Quiet, she feels “as if [she] had two hearts but only one of them beating” (3). She also brings Quiet to see her father often, and she notices that they both keep their eyes closed and sleep all the time. When Quiet finally opens his eyes, Ellie is certain that her father soon will too. She puts Quiet on her father’s chest, telling him, “Teach daddy how to open his eyes while we’re gone” (280). Cate’s dog, Captan, helps to unite Ellie’s and Cate’s families and as a result heal both Ellie’s father and Cate. He wakes Ellie’s mother one day, coaxing her into Ellie’s father’s room. Ellie understands that Captan wants her mother to play her mandolin, and when she plays her song alongside Captan’s barks, together they wake up Ellie’s father. Soon after, Larkin arrives with a doctor and Cate’s wound is stitched.

The Mandolin

The mandolin that Ellie’s mother owns acts as a symbol of The Duality in All Things and the connection between seemingly distinct worlds, those of Ellie’s family and Cate’s family. Ellie and her family were forced from their life in the town of Bethel when the stock market crash left both of Ellie’s parents without work. They moved to the mountainside with almost nothing and built a new life together. One of the only possessions that Ellie’s mother kept was her mandolin, which she used to teach music but also to play for her family and teach her children how to play. When her husband sinks into a coma, Ellie’s mother puts the mandolin in the corner to collect dust. When Ellie learns that Larkin’s father was the luthier who crafted her mother’s mandolin, she knows that the instrument can act as the bridge between the two families and possibly even help save her father.

The mandolin also serves as a symbol of The Force of Healing. Ellie’s mother refuses to play it while her husband is in a coma, until the day she picks it up and awakens her sleeping darling. She “began to pluck the strings softly, one by one, turning the knobs on the neck of her mandolin, of her Keavy, until the notes rang true. Whatever true is. And Esther went still. Even Samuel went still. And Cate began to smile” (337).

Fire

Fire is a prominent symbol of Ellie’s passion and Persistence in the Face of Great Obstacles. Ellie frequently refers to a fire inside her that burns strongly when she gets a sense of which direction to take next. Life on the mountain suits Ellie well, and Ellie “loved the mountain. And [she] loved what it kindled in [her]”. And that was that” (13). Everything that happens to Ellie throughout the course of her narrative is “tied to the flame that burned more brightly than ever on the day when Quiet was born” (6). It is in saving Quiet that Ellie realizes her desire to heal others, and she goes on both a literal and a spiritual quest to heal her father and family. Like Ellie, Cate also has a fire inside her, which Ellie describes as “burning stronger at the very thought of [being of use]” (294).

Ellie also uses fire to access The Force of Healing. Ellie learned how to create fire from her father. She found an old flint on the mountainside, and he showed her how to use it to make sparks and ignite flames. Ellie’s father says on the topic of fire-building, “Few things more valuable in this world, and you can make all you’ll ever need if you know how. That’s the secret to everything. Knowing how” (80). Fire thus also serves as a symbol of Ellie’s resourcefulness and willingness to learn by trial and error. It was one of the first things Ellie learned to do after moving to the mountain, and Ellie later uses her skill to collect much-needed honey from a hive and to build a fire for Cate when Ellie finds her in her cabin. 

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