39 pages • 1 hour read
Holly BlackA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
The novel shows how the transition from childhood to adolescence comes with significant changes in physical appearance, personal relationships, and self-perception. At the age of 12, Zach, Poppy, and Alice are all experiencing these changes in differing ways. Since the age of 10, Alice has “gotten curves, and started looking a lot older than she was” (8-9). Boys hassle and make fun of her; even Zach has begun seeing her differently. Alice has also recently developed a crush on Zach, which she is reluctant to voice. Her strange behavior confuses him; he believes that a year ago, boys and girls spoke “the same language” (36). Now it seems like “girls [speak] a different language” (36).
Zach feels that his external appearance no longer matches how he feels on the inside. His growth spurt has garnered respect from male peers and the giggling attention of his female classmates. His height has also given him an advantage on the basketball court, which has fostered more acceptance from his teammates. When he’s approached for a secret handshake shared by the basketball team, he “[feels] the warm buzz of belonging” every time (18). However, he sometimes wishes he can revert back to the comfortable familiarity of what used to be. Alice’s new, strange behavior around him forces him to walk home from school alone some days, “feeling a bit lonely” (20). This illustrates the way relationships shift and evolve in adolescence and the loneliness that spawns from it.
The book shows how parental figures can help or hurt the transition from childhood to adolescence. Unlike Alice and Zach, Poppy doesn’t have a parental figure guiding or pushing her to grow up fast or in a specific way. This makes Poppy more vulnerable and insecure. She fears that her friends will leave her behind, especially when Alice and Zach hint at feelings for one another and Zach becomes better friends with his basketball teammates, while she is left out. Poppy’s fear of being forgotten makes her desperately cling to the quest and lash out at her friends. When Zach and Alice play their roles together while breaking into the library, Poppy “look[s] crushed, like she [is] on the outside of a glass looking in at something she want[s] desperately” (132). With such an unstable home life, Poppy is frightened of losing the only thing that provides her with stability: her friendships.
The tension increases between Zach, Poppy, and Alice as the quest draws on. Zach fears Poppy’s reaction when she discovers he’s lied about the questions game. Alice fears Poppy will tell her secret to Zach and that Poppy’s impulsive nature will get her in trouble with her grandmother. This illustrates the fragile transition period that friendships weather as people grow older.
The novel shows the importance of childhood play and how it helps to regulate emotions. Without the outlet of play, Zach becomes frustrated and angry. When his father throws out his toys, he is not just losing objects but his identity. Zach “[feels] like pieces of himself [are] gone, like part of him had been thrown out with his action figures” (34). This suggests how play has a critical role in social and personal development.
Zach’s father shows growth by realizing the error of his ways. He admits that while his own father forced him to grow up mean, he doesn’t want the same for Zach. In easing his restrictions on Zach’s play, he ensures that Zach is able to continue developing into the person he wants to become.
Play greatly strengthens Zach’s relationships with Poppy and Alice. Without play, Zach pulls away, but with it, the trio form tight bonds and loyalty. The novel shows how play prepares children for real-life challenges. In their make-believe quests, Zach claims that “no one gets left behind” (8), and the trio feel the same during their actual quest. When Poppy decides to go to East Liverpool to Eleanor’s grave, Alice and Zach follow suit. When Alice and later Poppy threaten to give up the quest, Zach encourages them all to stick together and keep going. Play helps the friends to persevere. Without their earlier bonding, none of them would have the courage or loyalty to push forward.
Play triggers the trio’s curiosity in the world and their hope for the future. Their play allows them to imagine a world where anything, including greatness for themselves, is possible. As Poppy says, “There’s people who do things and people who never do—who say they will someday, but they just don’t. I want to go on a quest. I’ve always wanted to go on a quest. And now that I have one, I’m not backing down from it.” (70). Zach sees his father as one of the quitters and avoiders that Poppy mentions, and he decides he doesn’t want to be one of those people. The trio’s play has given them a blueprint for how to pursue adventure with confidence, assertiveness, and bravery. This allows them to succeed in their real-life quest.
The friends’ love for stories is evidenced in the books that line their bedroom shelves. Poppy’s shelves are overflowing with fantastical texts, from Greek myths and mermaid tales to local hauntings, and her walls are covered in Doctor Who and Narnia posters. Zach’s bookshelves are filled with pirate tales and adventure novels, and his desk is covered in LEGOs and ship models. Stories allow the children to believe that “magic” exists in the world and give them hope for a future of their own making.
The trio have complex home lives that they sometimes need respite from. Their make-believe stories are a way through which they can escape. Alice is able to express her feelings for Zach through Lady Jaye, and Poppy channels her urge to rebel through playing the villains. Zach expels his insecurities and adopts temporary confidence as he fulfills his role as William the pirate. The friends’ stories are so powerful that they permeate real life, such as when Zach sees a bus driver as “a gruff and unfriendly wizard” (59).
The imaginative worlds that the trio inhabit make life more bearable. When playing in William the Blade’s world, Zach “[can] almost believe he [isn’t] on the scrubby lawn in front of Poppy’s ramshackle house with the sagging siding, but aboard a real ship, with salt spray stinging his face, on his way to adventure” (6). Through their games, the friends derive what they feel is lacking from their real lives. While Poppy has freedom that both Zach and Alice envy, she enjoys having structure and control, which the games provide. When playing, Poppy can enter a world with strictly enforced rules. This is contrary to her home life, which features neglectful parents, no family dinners, and fighting between unruly siblings. In contrast, Alice escapes her restrictive life with her grandmother through playing silly games. Through play, she is able to go on epic adventures and enjoy the freedom of Poppy’s house.
By Holly Black
Action & Adventure
View Collection
Childhood & Youth
View Collection
Coming-of-Age Journeys
View Collection
Family
View Collection
Friendship
View Collection
Juvenile Literature
View Collection
Newbery Medal & Honor Books
View Collection
Religion & Spirituality
View Collection
School Book List Titles
View Collection