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46 pages 1 hour read

Anzia Yezierska

Bread Givers

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1925

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Book 2, Chapters 10-14Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Book 2: “Between Two Worlds”

Book 2, Chapter 10 Summary: “I Shut the Door”

As Sara wanders the streets, she thinks about a girl she read about who worked in a shop by day and studied at a night school. Before long, the girl obtained a degree and became a schoolteacher. Sara decides that this is what she wants to do with her life. She searches for a room to rent, but most people will not rent a whole room to a single woman. She offers one landlady a month’s rent in advance, and the landlady gives the room to her. Sara gets a job as an ironer at a laundry. At night, she goes to the Grand Street Cafeteria where working girls can get cheap food after their shifts. After eating, she goes to the night school and signs up for classes five nights out of the week. Sara studies late at night after her classes and wakes up early for her shift every day. She studies English and arithmetic and has trouble focusing, but she resolves to continue to study.

Book 2, Chapter 11 Summary: “A Piece of Meat”

Sara fantasizes about food every day because she does not have enough money to eat. She becomes so distracted by her hunger that she accidentally burns a the shirts at work, and the manager takes it out of her wages. When Sara goes to the cafeteria later, she asks for beef stew, but the serving girl gives her a helping with only vegetables and broth. The girl serves the man behind Sara a huge piece of meat. Sara repeatedly asks for a piece of meat, but the other women in line tell her that the men always get the meat and that she should be grateful. Sara leaves the cafeteria and goes home to eat a stale piece of bread. The room is so cold that Sara has trouble focusing on her studies.

Shenah visits Sara and brings her a feather bed to keep her warm. She gives Sara some herring and tells her that she cannot stay long because Reb Smolinsky does not know she left. Since the journey was so long, Shenah already must return to Reb Smolinsky, but she holds Sara and asks her to come visit her. Sara tells her that she cannot travel to New Jersey because she must study in her spare time. She promises her mother she will come to see her when she finishes her education.

Book 2, Chapter 12 Summary: “My Sisters and I”

One night, Fania and Bessie visit her. Fania tells Sara that she should come live in Los Angeles with her, but Sara wants to focus on her studies. When Bessie asks about Abe, Fania cries and tells them that Abe wants her to dress in the latest fashion but yells at her when she spends money. She does not have any friends and spends her time gambling with Abe because there is nothing else to do. Fania tells them that she constantly thinks about how different her life would have been if she married Morris Lipkin. Bessie bemoans the match Father made for her as well because she hates being a stepmother and working in the fish store. Fania tells Sara that she knows a man who she thinks would be good for her as a husband, but Sara says she is better off being single because they had such bad luck with marriage. Fania tries to get Sara to come with them to their parent’s house, but she refuses because she must study.

Book 2, Chapter 13 Summary: “Outcast”

During lunch at the laundry, Sara sits with the other workers. However, when one of the girls tells a raunchy story, Sara gets embarrassed and leaves the group. The other women mock her for her embarrassment and insinuate that Sara rents a room alone because she sleeps around. Sara tries to make friends with them again, but they shut her out of their conversations. Sara does not have any friends at night school either because her classmates do not like her persistent questions.

Sara thinks that if she buys makeup and starts dressing like everyone else, her coworkers and classmates might accept her. She buys makeup and new clothes and practices applying the makeup in the mirror at night. The next day, she goes to work with makeup on, but as she walks to work, she feels self-conscious and tries to wipe the makeup off her face. The other workers see her taking her makeup off and mock her for trying to fit in. After that, Sara decides to focus only on her schooling because she does not think her coworkers will accept her.

Book 2, Chapter 14 Summary: “A Man Wanted Me”

Sara fails a test in geometry, and she worries that she is not smart enough to be a schoolteacher. She receives a letter from Fania telling her that Max Goldstein, the man she told her about, is coming to New York and will visit Sara. Sara is frustrated because she does not want to meet him. One day, Max comes to visit Sara. He is friendly and charms her. He tells her that he likes that she studies and works for herself. Max tells her that when he arrived in America, his first job was shoveling snow out of the streets with a group of men. Then, he became an actor before he caught consumption and could not sing anymore. After a while, he moved to Los Angeles and bought a store, which is now one of the biggest department stores in the city. Sara is impressed with his stories, and he tells her that he wants to take her out. He takes Sara to a vaudeville show, but she does not like the crass jokes, so they go dancing instead. Sara realizes she loves dancing, and they stay out late.

The next day, Max returns and wants to go out again, but Sara feels tired from the night before. He convinces her to go to a restaurant with him, where he buys her food. Max tells her that he likes that she is independent and different from other women. He comes to visit her every night that week, and Sara feels that she is falling in love with him despite herself. One night, he tells her he wants to marry her, but he wants her to give up her studies. Sara realizes that he thinks of her as another thing he can buy with his money. She tells him she does not want to marry him, and Max leaves. Sara wonders why she refused him even though she loves him. However, she knows in her heart that she would grow tired of him because she feels happier with her books than with him.

Book 2, Chapters 10-14 Analysis

Yezierska introduces the theme of The Complexities of Assimilation and Identity in this section through Sara’s desire to make friends with her coworkers. Although Sara stays focused on her goal of becoming a schoolteacher, she realizes that her constant studying and isolation make her lonely. Even though she does not relate to the other workers in the laundry, she tries to make friends with them. However, when Sara interacts with the women, she feels put off by their vulgarity. Rather than taking the time to understand the difference in her cultural and religious background, the coworkers mock Sara and ostracize her from their group. Ironically, leaving the oppressive, dehumanizing world of Reb Smolinsky introduces Sara to a new oppression: blatant antisemitism. Sara’s coworkers believe that Sara’s religion makes her judge their lifestyles, but Sara does not know how to interact with them. Sara tries to remedy the situation by buying makeup, thinking that her appearance will make the women like her. However, her coworkers’ reaction to her makeup illustrates that assimilation and identity go deeper than mere appearance. Sara desperately wants people to accept her, but she also wants people to see her as a human being and take her seriously. Sara’s intersectional identity as a Jewish woman motivates her to find her individuality and perspective, which is why her goal to become a schoolteacher is so important to her character development. In pursuing an education, Sara proves to herself her individuality and independence, even when everyone around her shames her for being herself.

Sara becomes more committed to breaking free from gender roles in this section, deepening the novel’s exploration of The Threat of Patriarchal Control. For example, when Sara is starving, she becomes furious that the serving girl at the cafeteria gives stew with meat to the man behind Sara but only gives Sara stew with vegetables. When Sara stands up for herself and asks for meat, the other women in line harass her. The other women think Sara is being greedy since they all know that only men get meat. This interaction shows the insidious nature of patriarchy: not all women in patriarchal systems want to disrupt the status quo. Sara’s experience at the cafeteria also highlights the communal aspect of breaking free from gender roles by demonstrating how oppressive, sexist systems cannot change without communal effort. Sara’s assertiveness at the cafeteria shows both her character growth since leaving her parents’ home and her growing understanding of what it means to be a woman living under patriarchal control.

Sara further subverts traditional gender roles when she chooses her education over a marriage of comfort. Even though Sara loves that Max pursues her, she has seen enough evidence through her sister’s broken marriages to know that courtship differs marriage. Max makes Sara feel young and desirable, but she knows that feeling may not last. Even though Sara trusts Max, she knows that he may be hiding things from her that she will not discover until after they marry. Sara reveals her clear judgment of character when she realizes that Max wants to own her as a wife in the same way that he wants to own other commodities. Although it breaks her heart, Sara refuses Max’s proposal because she promised herself that she would achieve an education and pursue her dreams. Yezierska refers to Sara’s earlier promise to herself to marry a man who will see her as his equal to show how Sara’s resolve has not changed over the years. Sara refuses to trap herself in a marriage that takes away her independence. Her Americanization makes her realize that there are other options for her in life besides marriage. Sara no longer feels helpless without her family because her ability to support herself shows that she does not need another person to survive in the world. By standing strong in her commitment to education, Sara embodies the theme of Traditional Values Versus Modern Aspirations; she chooses to reject traditional, cultural expectations and assert her independence, reinforcing the idea that the pursuit of education can overcome the constraints of gender roles.

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