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93 pages 3 hours read

Joyce Carol Oates

Big Mouth & Ugly Girl

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2002

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Character Analysis

Ursula Riggs (Ugly Girl)

Ursula Riggs is one of the text’s two protagonists. Overall, she is the more dominant of the two protagonists in both Oates’s dedication to her character development and her role in the text. From her first introduction, Ursula Riggs refers to herself as Ugly Girl, a persona of her own making that reflects her positive interpretation of her lack of classical beauty. While this persona conceals an uncertainty and insecurity about her body and her place among her peers, Ursula also uses Ugly Girl as a tool to embrace an athletic model of femininity and refuse characterization by typical feminine standards, including submissiveness. As Ursula asserts, “What I liked about being so tall was I could look just about any guy eye-to-eye, even older guys on the street, or actual adult men I didn’t know. Unlike other girls, I didn’t shrink away like a balloon deflating if guys teased me or said crude things meant to embarrass” (11).

Ursula’s physical traits reflect her personality and characterization as a highly principled and brave individual. Throughout the book Ursula proves willing to confront those aiming to harm her or others. This is most on display through her aid to Matt after the bomb scare incident and when Pumpkin is abducted (233), as well as through her immediate confrontation of the Brewer twins when they bully her in the hall (114), and her attempt to confront her sister’s budding eating disorder head on, against her mother’s admonition (142).

Matt Donaghy (Big Mouth)

The text’s other main protagonist, Matt Donaghy is a “tall, lanky, whippet-lean boy who blushed easily” (6). He is 16 years old and a junior at Rocky River High School. He is a budding playwright and a natural performer: “Matt Donaghy had something of a reputation at Rocky River for being both brainy and a comic character, but secretly he was a perfectionist, too” (4). It is Matt’s facility with words, and his overuse of them, that inspires his self-imposed moniker Big Mouth, an identity on display in his joke that he would blow up the school.

Matt is a good student, receiving steady A-minuses and As in English. He writes for the school paper and is vice president of the junior class. The victim of accusations of an attempted school bombing and the subsequent social fallout that comes with such an accusation, Matt’s academic success and popularity both suffer, with Matt taking a steep decline into misfit status over the book, leading to an attempted suicide. This is also the event that brings about his relationship with Ursula Riggs, his most important relationship in the story. Despite their many similarities, including their troubles at home, the two serve as foils of each other. For example, Matt is often overly emotional, while Ursula is more curt and pragmatic. Such traits complement each other and contribute to a strong, balanced relationship.

Trevor Cassity

Trevor Cassity is one of two antagonists in the text, the other antagonistic force being the Brewer family, namely the Brewer twins and their father, Reverend Brewer. Cassity is a senior, a “football player, a popular, aggressive guy” (25) whose father works for Ursula’s father. Cassity is also a bully, the ringleader of the physical assault on Matt and the kidnapping of Pumpkin. Though Matt suspects Cassity of kidnapping Pumpkin, it is Ursula who leads the confrontation of this young man and ensures Pumpkin’s safe return. In this final confrontation with this bully, Oates takes care to mention that Cassity, haven just woken up and being confronted on his doorstep, “wasn’t looking very cool” (233). As with the Brewers, the text stresses that even this bully is nothing more than a child, even though his offences against Matt are quite serious. This supports the novel’s theme about the fallibility of adults and the ways a parent’s choices and behavior influence their children.

Muriel and Miriam Brewer

Muriel and Miriam Brewer are twin sisters and antagonists. Unlike Cassity, who primarily targets Matt, the sisters’ antagonism extends to both Ursula and Matt. Introduced relatively late in the book, these twins are seniors, “mean smirky girls nobody liked or trusted” (113). They first appear when they crowd Ursula in the hallway, calling her a big horse and a Jew-girl (even though Ursula is not Jewish). The Brewer twins are most significant in the text as the two anonymous witnesses who report Matt’s jokes as a serious threat, an act that Ursula eventually deduces. Their father, the bigoted Reverend Ike Brewer, may have put them up to this task or otherwise influenced them through the hate he taught his children. Victims in their own way, due to their father’s small-mindedness, these girls also experience ostracization at school after the Donaghys’ lawsuit against Reverend Brewer spills over into the congregation. After Reverend Brewer’s arrest, his daughters are suddenly permanently absent from school. Their arc receives no resolution in the tale.

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