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60 pages 2 hours read

Patti Callahan Henry

Becoming Mrs. Lewis: The Improbable Love Story of Joy Davidman and C. S. Lewis

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2018

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Prologue-Part 1Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1: “America”

Prologue Summary: “1926, Bronx, New York”

Joy states that the Great Lion (God) brought her and Lewis (as yet unnamed) together. She thinks back to how she and her younger brother snuck out at night to visit a pair of Barbary lions at the Bronx Zoo. Describing her father, Joy relates how he slapped her for receiving a B on her report card, and she connects his background as a Ukrainian immigrant with his unflagging standards for her. Recalling the nighttime zoo trips in more detail, she describes the journey there from her apartment and her connection to and sympathy for the caged lions.

Part 1, Epigraph Summary

Part 1 begins with a quotation from C. S. Lewis’s The Silver Chair, the sixth installment in the Chronicles of Narnia, describing how Eustace and Jill call on the lion Aslan as they escape their bullies.

Part 1, Chapter 1 Summary: “1946, Ossining, New York”

The chapter begins with a quotation from Davidman’s “Sonnet I” about love and fire.

Joy considers her first marriage to Bill, remembering talking to him on the phone. Despondent, Bill expresses his despair as Joy urges him to come home. As the call disconnects, Joy fears he is with another woman or intoxicated. Racing through the house, she experiences despair, calling out to God. Remembering this moment as her conversion from atheism, she relates that Bill eventually came home, intoxicated.

Years later, Joy talks to Bill in their upstate NY farmhouse, talking about C. S. Lewis, examining a profile of the converted atheist and author written by Professor Chad Walsh. She wonders if Lewis might be able to help them, and Bill encourages her to write Lewis.

Part 1, Chapter 2 Summary: “1950”

The chapter begins with a quotation from Davidman’s “Sonnet XLIV” that narrates the call to open a door.

Joy ponders how the Bible declares, “In the beginning was the word” (13), as she retrieves Lewis’s reply to her first letter. Walking back into the house, she encounters her sons, Davy and Douglas, horseplaying, and she offers to make them and Bill hot chocolate. Bill suggests she pick up some of the clutter around the house. Resentful as she looks at the nearly empty refrigerator, Joy realizes she will have to buy groceries and lose more time writing. She tells him about Lewis responding, and he asks to read it after her.

The chapter ends by quoting the beginning and the end of the letter, with Lewis addressing Bill and Joy together and commenting on the length of their letter.

Part 1, Chapter 3 Summary

Chapter 3 opens with a quotation from Davidman’s “Prayer Before Daybreak,” describing the love of figurative spirits and the dead.

Joy and Bill talk as he smokes a cigarette in the house, and Joy tells him not to smoke in the house. He has taken a phone call from her agent about an upcoming author photo. She returns to writing, irritated that Bill spoke to her agent. Rather than concentrating on poetry, Joy begins her response to Lewis.

Lewis had written about Joy’s journey toward faith, casting it as a hunt by God and asking to know more about her past. She writes a four-page response—unpacking her past and mentioning her many “masks,” the first of which is her Jewish identity. As she closes the envelope, Joy expresses a desire for Lewis to know her and see her.  

Part 1, Chapter 4 Summary: “Nineteen Months Later, August 1951”

Chapter 4 begins with a quotation from Davidman’s poem “Selva Oscura,” tying wisdom to silence.

Joy and Bill have packed their car, and they head to Chad Walsh’s home in Vermont for summer vacation. A friend of Lewis, Walsh authored the profile of him in The Atlantic, which Joy had perused before writing Lewis years before. Bill asks if Joy wants to vacation with Walsh because of Lewis, which she denies. In a letter to Lewis, Joy describes her balance of writing and motherhood as like the dark wood Dante describes at the beginning of The Divine Comedy. He responds with understanding, confirming his time in the dark wood in his life and work and agrees that nature heals. Thinking about their frequent correspondence, Joy remembers her enjoyment in sharing the Narnia books with her sons.

Lewis writes and confirms the allusions in his writing to medieval texts and traditions. Joy responds that Arthuriana looms large in his work, which Lewis validates. He adds that Plato and mythology inform his writing.

Joy details the worsening fights with Bill and describes his pointing a gun he thought unloaded at the ceiling. Pulling the trigger, Bill realizes the gun was loaded, and Joy quickly checks on the boys asleep upstairs. Having locked herself in the guest room, where the bullet had entered the floor, she sleeps alone.

Lewis writes about his brother Warnie, who reads Joy’s letters and will write to her soon. In reply, Joy details her estrangement from her brother that occurred after she wrote an autobiographical piece about her family and her early communist leanings. In his response, Lewis confirms that while writing can produce pain, it is necessary.

In Vermont, Joy talks to Eva, Chad Walsh’s wife. Joy expresses her frustration at balancing writing and motherhood, and Eva attempts to encourage her.

Lewis writes about his most depressing moment—the death of his mother and tells Joy to call him Jack. In reply, Joy describes seeing a young woman die by suicide as she sat at her desk at Hunter College in New York. Pleased at his familiar gesture, Joy asks Jack to call her Joy instead of Mrs. Gresham.

Walking with Eva, Joy tells her about an old dream she has of a place in the forest called “Fairyland,” which is a paradise and confesses that she has told Jack about Fairyland. Jack writes to Joy, telling her to be patient, and Joy accepts his guidance.

Jack discusses one of her essays in a letter, encouraging her to write, and she responds with comments on The Screwtape Letters and The Great Divorce, works central to her conversion.

Later, Jack confirms Joy’s suspicions about Tolkien’s influence. Joy details her reading of The Hobbit and her erstwhile embarrassment in enjoying mythology. Jack writes that he’s happy to write to someone with similar tastes and reading history, noting his excitement for her next letter.

Part 1, Chapter 5 Summary

Beginning with a line from Davidman’s “Sonnet III” about love and the light of the moon, Chapter 5 opens with Joy alone in bed in the morning. Bill has gotten up already, and she can hear her children. Douglas calls her to breakfast. Quotations follow from a pair of letters, with Jack thanking Joy for sending a ham. He expresses gratitude because England still copes with food rationing. In her quoted excerpt, Joy describes the abundance of her garden, acknowledging that she can’t bear his eating the same thing every day.

Joy describes her talks with the Walshes and Bill, and the excitement at discussing these intellectual topics reminds her of the writer’s colony where she met Bill.

Following her description, two quotations from their letters follow. In the first, Jack expresses sympathy for her trouble writing about the Ten Commandments, and her response references her difficulty dealing with theology in her writing.

That evening, Eva asks about Joy’s novel Weeping Bay. Bill criticizes the novel, and Joy admits that the critical response has been harsh but that she wrote what she wanted to write. Joy begins to talk about fiction, the Gospels, and Jack’s writing, and Bill appears upset. Putting out his cigarette, Bill goes to bed.

A pair of quotations from their letters follow. Jack discusses his planned journey to Ireland, and in her response, Joy expresses a wish to see Ireland. She writes that the British Isles have influenced him, just as New York and six months in Hollywood have shaped her. She asks for a photo from Ireland before she signs off with a familiar goodbye.

Chad and Joy discuss her relationship and view of Jack. He tells her to visit England, and she tells him that planning such trips and breaks is easier for men than women. As Bill sleeps that night, Joy quietly rises and begins to compose a poem.

Part 1, Chapter 6 Summary: “Winter, 1952”

The chapter begins with a quotation from her poem, “For Davy Who Wants to Know About Astronomy.”

Joy describes the moon goddess, telling Davy she wrote a poem about Selene. She describes Davy’s fascination with astronomy. Describing the time she spends with her children, Joy confesses that her desire to visit England grows as she reads to them.

Thinking about their two-year correspondence, Joy acknowledges her yearning for his letters. Two letter excerpts follow. In the first, Jack writes about waiting for spring while telling her that Elizabeth has become queen. In her reply, Joy describes the first signs of spring, her return to writing poetry, and her sympathy for young Elizabeth.

Under the weather, Joy tries to write a short story in January, and she receives another letter from Jack. When Bill asks her about dinner, Joy demurs, reading the letter. In Jack’s letter excerpts, he links the search for identity to the relinquishment of cravings and longings. In Joy’s response, she describes her parents’ criticism and her mother’s comparison of Joy to her cousin Renee while acknowledging Bill’s disappointment in her as a wife.

As Joy becomes more ill, her doctor demands that she get rest or she will worsen and die. In more letter excerpts, Jack expresses sympathy over Bill’s bad behavior, describing divorce as a necessary step sometimes. He asks if she can visit England. Joy acknowledges how difficult her situation remains, and she expresses excitement at the possibility of coming to England.

As the days progress and her illness persists, Bill tells her one night that her fever has broken, and she can smell another woman on him. He admits his affair, explaining that he must be fulfilled while she’s sick.

In an excerpt from Jack’s letter, he writes about how God communicates to people through pain. Joy’s response expresses her frustration that she can’t hear God over her pain as she describes Bill’s newest dalliance.

As Bill tells her to get better, Joy realizes the marriage will kill her. 

Part 1, Chapter 7 Summary: “February 1952”

Chapter 7 opens with a quotation from Davidman’s “Sonnet II” describing the distance between two people.

Sitting at her typewriter, Joy considers her unfinished domestic chores and the issues with divorcing Bill, such as lack of funds. Her cousin Renee arrives with her children, having escaped her abusive husband.

In a letter excerpt, Jack describes free will, the choice to be bad or good, and the necessity of free will in love. Joy’s response mentions her desire to reason with God about the freedom to be bad.

Joy admits she and Renee had both married men with alcoholism. Excited to see her cousin, they eat together. In excerpts from letters, Jack describes his pleasure at reading Joy’s stories about Renee and the farm and encourages Joy to keep writing them. In her response, Joy confesses she doesn’t think she can stop sharing.

Joy and Renee discuss Bill and Renee’s husband Claude and their differences. In excerpts from letters, Joy questions why the terrible events of childhood persist throughout life, and she reinforces the power of surrendering. In Jack’s letter, he confirms that surrendering to God represents the solitary choice to live one’s life.

They eat dinner, and Renee and Joy again discuss their husbands, with Joy expressing frustration at trying to balance her writing and domestic duties. Renee claims that Joy has her writing, but Renee’s life feels empty.

Part 1, Chapter 8 Summary

The chapter opens with a quotation from Davidman’s “Sapphics,” describing the speaker singing another’s song.

After weeks pass, Joy notices how well Renee and her children fit into the household. Renee starts doing much of the domestic work in the house, and Joy writes and sleeps in.

In excerpts from their letters, Joy asks about doing one’s duty when lacking willpower. In his response, Jack describes how a mother and daughter lived with him and his brother Warnie for 24 years. He describes the bad end and the pain of obligation. In her letter excerpt, Joy remarks that Bill has become a problem for her, and she notes Jack’s kindness.

Renee asks Joy if she’s considered divorce, as she confesses she’s divorcing Claude. She encourages Joy to go to England, promising that they will manage. In excerpts from their letters, Jack asks for updates on Renee’s visit. He tells her about being rejected for a professorship at Oxford and a recent lecture he gave about children’s literature. In the quotation from her response, Joy describes their routine, Renee’s new role in the house, and Joy’s plan to visit England.

Joy talks to Bill and Renee about her plan, including a visit to London to stay with a friend. They support her decision, noting how important her health remains to them.

In excerpts from their letters, Jack expresses excitement at their prospective meeting. In her response, Joy relates her plans.

Saddened that she must leave, Joy says goodbye to her children, and Bill acknowledges the unavoidable pain of her departure. She boards the ocean liner heading for England.

Prologue-Part 1 Analysis

Introducing the book’s highly interconnected themes, the first eight chapters and the prologue describe Joy’s difficulties with her husband, her negotiation of familial expectations, alongside her path to Christianity and, ultimately, Lewis. The Prologue establishes a sense of confinement against which Joy struggles throughout much of the novel. Calling back to her childhood when she and her brother escaped to the zoo to see the caged lions at night, Joy felt a sense of connection to them, linking her own captivity in her parents’ home to the bars of the lions’ cage. Foreshadowing the influence of Aslan (the personified creator who represents God in the Chronicles of Narnia) and C. S. Lewis’s influence on her, the memory of the lions is her reminder to pursue freedom.

Part 1 dramatizes the conditions that seem cage-like to the adult Joy. She drowns in domestic duties and the crises caused by her husband, foregrounding the theme of The Impact of Marriage. The marriage dynamic reflects the traditional roles expected of women during the time, with the expectation that her writing can be sidelined as needed for the good of the household and family. Making matters worse is Bill’s alcohol addiction and his infidelity, which drive Joy to her knees as she utters a prayer to God despite her atheism. Rather than bringing her joy and happiness, her marriage erodes her self-esteem and stifles her creativity.

Joy recognizes that she alone cannot fix her marriage, and so, trying to make sense of those first stirrings toward God, Joy reaches out for a lifeline, which comes in the form of her correspondence with C. S. Lewis. Initially, the couple approaches the erudite Christian writer and professor together, hoping his advice could help their marriage. However, Bill’s interest in help wanes, so Joy continues the correspondence herself, and Lewis’s letters offer insights into The Power of Conversion. As her faith in Christianity burns brighter, she finds both suffering and solace, which further distance her from Bill. Buffeted by her worry over her husband, due both to his symptoms of alcohol addiction and his serial infidelity, Joy finds comfort in her ongoing correspondence with C. S. Lewis, also known as Jack, himself a famous convert.

Joy’s letters to Jack flesh out her burgeoning faith and her journey toward conversion. Jack writes that he likes “her conversion essay ‘The Longest Way Round’” (35) because it links atheism to simplicity. Acknowledging that conversion is complex and ongoing, Jack foreshadows that Joy’s impatience defines her search for God. As she responds in a letter, Joy admits that Jack’s “words were not the last step in my conversion, but the first” (35). Lewis understands her spiritual journey, having experienced a similar one himself, and he provides her with a spiritual vocabulary for talking about it. He affirms that her instincts are correct—she is indeed transforming into a new person with a new worldview, one very different from her husband’s. Her praise for Jack suggests that conversion can be completed, but Jack continually counsels the opposite view, returning to this tension with Joy as he complicates God’s agency in her life. Chad Walsh sees Joy’s infatuation with Jack’s writing as a sign that her conversion depends more on Jack than God—telling her that “Lewis would tell you to follow Christ, not him” (43).

The correspondence with Lewis also focuses on the process of writing in general, the value of her writing specifically, and the mutual benefit she and Lewis derive from their pen-pal relationship. Along with the writing she does to make ends meet, her correspondence with Jack stresses that her authorial identity sustains Joy materially and spiritually, foregrounding the theme of Writing and Survival. Jack understands Joy’s need to write, as he shares it himself, and he recognizes her talent. Jack’s support and the disagreements with Bill over her novel Weeping Bay prove essential to Joy’s impending decision to leave America.

In the complicated equation of religious conversion, struggling marriage, and writing ambition, the three themes overlap and set up Joy’s departure. Early in the novel, before Joy meets Jack, she views conversion in romantic and marital terms. Joy’s appreciation of Jack as a teacher and mentor conceals her growing desire for him, even before she visits England. Demonstrating how marriage impacts her thinking, her view of Jack places him in roles that her husband could never fulfill, thus creating a comparison where Bill emerges as inferior. As he struggles with fidelity and alcohol addiction, Joy feels trapped. Bill and his behavior affect her health, and his criticisms about her domestic chores poison an already strained relationship. After her cousin Renee moves in, escaping an abusive relationship herself, she wonders why Joy stays with Bill, a question later directly addressed by Lewis in his counsel to her on divorce and pain.

Foreshadowing her later relationship with Bill, Renee acknowledges Joy’s pain but discusses her own husband’s abuse as worse. Joy claims Bill “wants me to be who I cannot be: a housewife, maid, and submissive” (56). Even though Bill knew her when he married her, he believed marriage would change her. Despite loving her children, the marriage makes Joy sick, especially because Bill denies Joy her place as a writer. Throughout these chapters, he claims her housework makes writing impossible for him, calling attention to the “disarray” around the house. Against the backdrop of Bill’s ideals for his wife, which he cannot reach as a husband, Joy struggles to write herself.

Balancing her creative output with singlehandedly running their household, Joy faces health problems. These chapters strongly suggest that Bill’s domestic demands and his dismissal of her obvious talent lead to her deteriorating health. In Vermont, Bill quotes from negative reviews of her novel Weeping Bay, shocking Eva. Asking about the book’s “debits,” Bill launches into his resentment about his lack of formal education. Joy counters that she “wrote the story the way I wanted. The way I needed to write it” (41), and she soon slips into sadness. These negative feelings and Bill’s needling critique highlight the broken link between Writing and Survival for Joy and the negative Impact of Marriage on Joy’s career, health, and psyche. Encumbered by her household chores and lack of an equal partner, Joy experiences bouts of chronic conditions that force her to travel to England. While her symptoms persist in England, her mood soon lifts, and the writing that has been foreclosed to her opens. 

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