56 pages • 1 hour read
Sarah Pekkanen, Greer HendricksA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Jessica meets Dr. Shields in person at her office. Jessica seems most eager to know how much money she will make if she follows through and is relieved to hear she can back out of the experiment at any time. Dr. Shields decides that Jessica is different from all her other subjects and suspends that study to focus on Jessica. She hints at a future in which Jessica will break rules, test her morality, and need inner strength and resolve to endure it. All that Dr. Shields tells Jessica is that the study has evolved into a “real-life exploration on morality and ethics” (69). Jessica is asked to describe her childhood and life leading up to the present, and the next phase of the study officially begins.
On November 30, Jessica returns for another in-person session with Dr. Shields and spends most of the time talking about herself and her family. She realizes that the lies she tells her parents about work and Becky’s medical bills are not entirely her own doing. At the end of the session, Dr. Shields gives Jessica an expensive nail polish that Jessica admired and a check for $600.
Jessica meets Lizzie for her birthday. The man at the lounge, Sanjay, tells Jessica that Noah left his card for her, which promises a free breakfast. Jessica and Lizzie talk about their Thanksgivings, and when Lizzie asks for help with her makeup the next week, Jessica declines and realizes she has to lie about the reason; she is not allowed to mention the study to her at all.
Dr. Shields observes that Jessica is wearing the nail polish and seems more comfortable than ever. This remains the case until Dr. Shields brings up one of the first questions ever asked of Jessica: whether she has hurt someone she loved. Jessica reveals that she was 13 when her sister, Becky, whom she was babysitting, fell off the roof. This changed both their and their parents’ lives forever and remains the defining moment of Jessica’s life. Dr. Shields watches as Jessica breaks down and shakes violently after telling the story and puts a warm cashmere shawl around her. When Jessica leaves, Dr. Shields tells her to keep the shawl—something she planned in advance.
Jessica goes to the restaurant where she saw Dr. Shields and orders wine, sitting at the same table and wearing the wrap Dr. Shields gave her. She thinks about how she just revealed her deepest secret to Dr. Shields. She recalls how, when she was 13 and Becky was seven, she was left to babysit her for the summer. One day, Jessica left Becky locked in their parents’ bedroom while she went out, and Becky tried to escape through the window and fell. Jessica never told her parents that she locked Becky in, which still weighs on her: “I didn’t know the omission would continue to swell and gain in strength with every passing year” (87). Suddenly, Jessica realizes that telling Dr. Shields her darkest secret may have dire consequences and wonders what she plans to do with the information Jessica provides.
Dr. Shields goes home to her expensive but empty house and thinks about how her life used to be filled with more substance when her husband, Thomas, was there. She met Thomas—who is also a therapist—one night after an angry patient turned off the power in the building and Dr. Shields had to make her way out in the dark. In that moment of panic, she met Thomas, and within six months, they were married. Dr. Shields remarks that “everybody liked Thomas” (91), but she was the only one who loved him.
Jessica decides to track down Taylor and ask her what she knows about Dr. Shields. When Jessica admits that she took Taylor’s place in the study, Taylor seems perturbed but gives Jessica the number of a classmate who was also involved. This classmate, Amy, reveals to Jessica that she did the first part of the study and that she was asked about lying on medical records—something she had just done days before. Amy also notes that Dr. Shields is a respected professor at the university, which leads Jessica to suspend her suspicions for the moment.
In her clinical manner, Dr. Shields narrates her actions as she goes out into the night to find out if her husband, Thomas, is still cheating on her. His previous cheating is the reason for their separation, and current attempts to reconcile involve his promises to never do so again. When he cancels dinner plans, citing a work emergency, Dr. Shields goes to his building to see if he was telling the truth. She finds his motorcycle outside and the light in his office on and tells herself she worried for nothing; then, a woman goes into the building, and moments later, Thomas’s office blinds close. Dr. Shields decides that rather than confronting Thomas, she must wait and determine if she is seeing what she thinks she is seeing.
Jessica makes her way to a makeup appointment before heading to Dr. Shields’s for a session. She arrives at the home of an older woman who is having her makeup done for her 42nd anniversary. Jessica is worried about being late for Dr. Shields and tries to rush the woman. Jessica receives a text from Noah asking to meet up and another from Dr. Shields requesting that she pick up a package for her on the way.
Dr. Shields imagines Jessica as she picks up the package and makes her way to the office. She thinks about whether Jessica would let curiosity take over and peek inside or not. When Jessica arrives, she seems confident and assured, and Dr. Shields believes she did not open the package. She opens it to reveal a glass falcon and explains that she plans to give it to her husband. The falcon is sculpted in a pose that suggests it is getting ready to attack its prey. Jessica questions why Dr. Shields never had a wedding ring on before, and Dr. Shields lies and says it was being fixed.
Jessica is shocked to hear that there will be nothing further needed from her today. Before leaving, she asks Dr. Shields what the information from the study will be used for, and Dr. Shields assures her it will remain confidential. Jessica leaves, wondering if she somehow disappointed Dr. Shields and envisioning the type of husband she might have. She decides to text Dr. Shields and tell her not to worry about payment for today but receives no reply. She realizes she is still wearing the wrap, and when it gets caught and nearly strangles her in the subway doors, Jessica is shocked once again. A third surprise comes when she gets a call from Amy, who tells her that Dr. Shields recently took a leave of absence from teaching.
Dr. Shields continues to reflect on her relationship with Thomas and how it was destroyed by his affair. After a text that was meant for another woman was sent to Dr. Shields, Thomas confessed and moved out the same night. Despite this, Dr. Shields offered forgiveness, worked with Thomas in therapy, and started dating him again but eventually came to suspect that he was still cheating. During Jessica’s first session, she was presented with the question, “Is it possible to look someone you love in the eye and lie without experiencing remorse?” (123). Jessica’s affirmation led Dr. Shields to suspect that Thomas was lying to her again. Dr. Shields hints that the next phase of the experiment is about to begin and calls it “The Temptation of Infidelity: A Case Study” (125). She looks to Jessica as the variable that will determine if her husband is still cheating.
The more time that Jessica spends around Dr. Shields, the more she emulates and obsesses over her. The Stronghold of Obsession takes over Jessica’s life as she begins stalking Dr. Shields to find out more about the study and what Dr. Shields might be doing with all the information Jessica is providing. Jessica often describes Dr. Shields’s immaculate appearance, such as when she notes, “[T]he low sunlight turns her hair the color of fire. Her periwinkle turtleneck sweater and silk skirt skim her long, lithe body. She is completely motionless” (116-17). Jessica never wears nail polish, but when Dr. Shields gives her the same nail polish she wears, Jessica eagerly goes home and puts it on. She wears the cashmere shawl that Dr. Shields lent her every day, and when it nearly strangles her in the subway, it is a warning sign foreshadowing Dr. Shields’s obsessive stranglehold. When Jessica tells Dr. Shields about her mistake with Becky, it is a pivotal shift in their relationship where Dr. Shields takes almost full control of Jessica and Jessica feels utterly vulnerable to her.
Dr. Shields plays into Jessica’s obsession because it benefits her to do so. She gives her gifts, comforts and compliments her, and makes herself available for mock therapy sessions. At the same time, Dr. Shields develops an obsession of her own with Jessica. Dr. Shields is depicted as professional and sterile, but her own humanity and vulnerability begin to slip through her façade as she reveals her biggest weakness: her love for her husband. Her loneliness is evident in the way she describes her empty house that once contained love and in the way she depends so strongly upon Jessica’s answers to moral questions. For instance, when she asks Jessica, “Is it possible to look someone you love in the eye and lie without experiencing remorse?” (123), Jessica answers yes, and Dr. Shields starts to worry that her husband is lying to her. She decides to enlist Jessica in a long-term, complex experiment to determine if her husband is cheating, hinging everything on Jessica’s honesty. The more that Dr. Shields gets to know Jessica, the deeper and more precise her observations of Jessica become: “Your mind is curious by nature, and you alternately shy away from and embrace risks. Which side of you will win dominance today?” (112). She starts to predict and plan how Jessica will act in the future.
The authors build suspense in several ways, including cliffhangers, deception, foreshadowing, clues, and partial truths. Dr. Shields warns Jessica that the experiment will involve breaking rules and testing her morality. She describes Jessica’s exact movements, as though every small detail must be attended to: “You break eye contact and hesitate” (70). Dr. Shields’s narration remains cold and scientific, as though every moment in her life relates to her knowledge of psychology and manipulation: “You feel the brief pressure of a hand squeezing your shoulder. The gesture is one that conveys comfort. It is also used to express approval” (81). As the narrative advances The Nature of Morality, the characters are not the only ones who are asked to question their moral stances, as the reader is reminded of the opening line again in Chapter 16: “It’s easy to judge other people’s choices” (102). The novel invites the reader to consider the relativity of morality, as Dr. Shields implicates the reader themself with her second-person narration and detached tone.
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