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66 pages 2 hours read

Francine Rivers

A Voice in the Wind

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1993

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Part 3, Chapters 7-11Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 3: “Rome”

Chapter 7 Summary

Marcus takes his sister Julia to her first gladiatorial games, but his mind is elsewhere. His father argues that freemen, not enslaved people, should be employed in the building of Rome, but Marcus sees a higher profit in forced labor. Excited by the jostling crowds, Julia chafes at her father’s “prudish” rules. She does not know he has already arranged a marriage for her, though Marcus fears it will be a terrible mismatch.

Soon, the preliminary ceremonies begin. Antigonus leads a parade of gladiators before the emperor, and Julia is enthralled by the spectacle. When Marcus leaves to purchase a wineskin, a man flirts with her. Concerned for his sister’s virtue, Marcus tells her to be aware of flirtatious men. Soon, the preliminaries and mock battles are over, and the real contest—with actual weapons—begins. Julia witnesses her first kill as one gladiator slays another, the sand of the arena soaking up his blood. Despite temporary queasiness, Julia wants to remain; Marcus is proud of her fortitude: “Julia was a true daughter of Rome” (110).

Chapter 8 Summary

Enoch, an enslaved Jew sent to purchase laborers for his master, worries that he has spent too much on seven “pathetic and spiritless” Jewish captives when his master prefers Britons and Gauls. Yet he cannot resist the opportunity to save at least a few fellow Jews from certain death in the arena. He brings them to the home of his master, Decimus Valerian, who is skeptical of their worth, but Decimus’s wife Phoebe sees the frail Hadassah and wants to keep her as Julia’s personal attendant. After some initial resistance, Julia agrees and orders Hadassah to tidy her room. After questioning Hadassah about her family and homeland, she asks her new servant to tell her a story. Hadassah recounts the story of David and Goliath, a tale Julia finds captivating.

Over time, Hadassah learns to tend to Julia’s capricious whims. She observes the family with great interest, even feeling distress over Julia’s rapt attention to her friend Octavia’s “loose talk.” To Hadassah’s chagrin, Octavia “seemed proud to have lost [her virginity]” (120).

That night, Marcus, unable to sleep, strolls through the gardens and notices Hadassah praying in the shadows. She assures him she has permission to be outside the house at night. Marcus, while not physically attracted to her, is nevertheless drawn to her fear and vulnerability. He questions her about her faith, trying to understand her devotion to a god who, in his eyes, has clearly abandoned her. “We all serve someone or something, my lord” (124), she responds. Marcus, plagued by some unfulfilled longing, finds her beliefs intriguing but ultimately unsatisfactory. He allows her to return to the house. Hadassah, sensing his unrest, bids him peace.

Chapter 9 Summary

Decimus and Julia argue over her arranged marriage to Claudius Flaccus, a wealthy intellectual, and she storms out of the room in tears. Hadassah, Marcus has observed, has an almost maternal ability to soothe his sister. While Marcus believes that Julia could never be happy with the older, staid Claudius, Phoebe disagrees. Julia, she argues, needs less excitement in her life, and Claudius will be a calming presence.

Eventually, Julia bends to her father’s will, and she and Claudius marry in the temple of Zeus. Claudius plans to live with her in his country estate outside of Rome, an arrangement that suits Decimus just fine; his daughter will be away from what he believes are corrupting influences. As Claudius and Julia are carried away to the wedding feast, Decimus reflects on his own marriage, which is still strong, and a worsening health condition he hasn’t told Phoebe about.

At the feast, Hadassah watches the servants prepare a diverse array of food. She is overwhelmed by the rich and unfamiliar scents. As she passes the food to the guests, Hadassah senses that Julia, despite her jovial demeanor, is unhappy. She prays for Julia, believing that God has delivered her to Hadassah for a reason. Meanwhile, Marcus, bored with Octavia’s flirtations, turns his attention to Hadassah, wishing for a moment he can escape the hypocrisy of forced happiness and sit quietly with her and listen to her stories. He feels strangely drawn to her, but he does not know why. Ever restless and wanting to build an even bigger fortune, Marcus chafes at his father’s fiscal conservatism. Furthermore, he feels a tug of melancholy knowing that Hadassah will be going away to live in Claudius’s country estate with Julia.

When the guests have gone, the cook urges Hadassah to eat, but, out of loyalty to Enoch and his strict adherence to Jewish dietary law, she refuses. She senses a deep unhappiness in the Valerian family, a spiritual longing that only an intimate knowledge of God can assuage, but she is too afraid to say anything.

That night, as Hadassah packs Julia’s belongings, Phoebe enters the room and asks Hadassah about her family. She sees in Hadassah a wisdom beyond her years and asks her to ’stand by my daughter in all circumstances” (146). Sensing this request is coming from God, Hadassah promises to do so.

Chapter 10 Summary

Under Tharacus’s harsh training regimen, Atretes builds enough strength and stamina to survive in the arena and possibly earn his freedom. After a grueling run followed by a bath and massage, he returns to his cell where he is “rewarded” with a young woman, but afterward, he feels only emptiness and shame.

The next day, Tharacus and Atretes spar, but the contest becomes deadly when Atretes delivers a killing blow to the face of his trainer. The merchant, Scorpus, and an African man, Bato, observe the match, and immediately afterward, Atretes is chained and tossed in the back of a wagon. The African man is the head lanista (gladiator trainer) is Rome. Atretes is bound for the Empire’s capital city.

Six months into her marriage, Julia is moody and isolated, always looking for excuses to avoid Claudius’s company. Hadassah fears his patience will run out, and she tries to persuade Julia of Claudius’s virtues. Julia, however, is not moved, and she sends word to her husband that she is not feeling well. Claudius grows tired of trying to entertain his “childish and self-centered” (157) wife who is yet to conceive. He regrets his rash decision to marry, an attempt to replace his deceased wife, Helena. When he sees Julia and Hadassah walking in the gardens one morning, he is curious to know what they talk about. Julia responds, “Stories [of her people].” His interest piqued, Claudius desires to hear these stories as well. 

Chapter 11 Summary

Marcus rides through the streets on his new Arabian stallion, reveling in his successful business ventures and planning a brief trip to Capua. He desires to escape Arria’s clinginess and Antigonus’s constant pleas for money. Marcus makes camp along the road, his mind crowded with thoughts concerning his many business responsibilities, his father’s dire warnings about the state of Rome, his sexual dalliances, and, most prominently, Hadassah.

When he reaches Capua, he pays a surprise visit to Julia who begs him to take her to the ludus, the gladiator training facility. When Marcus asks about her marriage, she implies that Hadassah has been having sexual relations with Claudius in her place—which is untrue—in an arrangement she is happy to continue but which rankles Marcus. Even in her absence, Hadassah exerts a pull on Marcus. Late that evening, Marcus hopes to find her praying in the garden, but a servant informs him that she is with Claudius in the library. Determined to intercede, he approaches the library, but rather than witnessing a sexual encounter, he finds Claudius and Hadassah discussing Christian theology. Seeing Marcus, Claudius dismisses Hadassah and welcomes him into the library, pouring them each a glass of wine. Marcus questions Claudius about his relationship with Hadassah, and he responds that it is purely academic. He is interested in the Jewish faith, and Hadassah has proven to be an exemplary source of information. He finds the faith fascinating but is perplexed that a supposedly merciful god could allow so many Jews to die and their holy city to be destroyed.

Julia is despondent when she finds out Atretes has been sent to Rome; she previously saw him training and longed to watch him fight). Hadassah hopes Julia will now turn her attention to Claudius, a lonely and lost man whom she hopes to save by sharing God’s word with him. Claudius treasures Hadassah’s presence even more than Julia’s, although he has sworn fidelity to his wife regardless of her coldness toward him. Feeling she has usurped her mistress’s position, Hadassah sees it as her duty to bring Julia and Claudius together.

Later, she beseeches Marcus to persuade Julia to pay more attention to Claudius, but Marcus believes he holds little sway with his sister. Marcus realizes that he wants Julia’s marriage to succeed not for her sake, but so that Claudius will spend less time with Hadassah. With a single command, Marcus could order her to his bed, but, sensing her vulnerability, he chooses not to.

Chapters 7-11 Analysis

With the passage of time, both Atretes and Hadassah assimilate somewhat to their surroundings, albeit for different reasons. Atretes knows he must obey or die, and death will rob him of his vengeance; and so he complies, submitting to the humiliation and abuse while biding his time. When he finally has an opportunity for revenge in a sparring match with Tharacus, he vents his rage at his former trainer and kills him. Hadassah, on the other hand, sees her lot in life as the will of God, and she does her duty both out of fear for her life and because she believes God has a mission for her: to “save” the lost and wayward souls in her care. The two protagonists’ assimilation marks a turning point in the narrative, where both characters are set on their respective paths: revenge and conversion. Rivers also asks an important moral question: Do people have a moral obligation to fight for their freedom—including killing their enemies—or is love the proper course? An eye for an eye or turn the other cheek? Atretes and Hadassah’s respective moral compasses suggests a contrasting view of the Old and New Testaments. While the God of the Old Testament did not hesitate to punish humanity for its sins, the New Testament God—embodied by Jesus of Nazareth—is more forgiving, preaching love above all. While it seems likely that Hadassah’s moral code will prove the dominant one, it is unknown whether her gentility and humility will inform Atretes’s character in any significant way. Rivers’s own theology suggests that Hadassah’s Christianity—mysteriously alluring to the hedonistic Marcus—will triumph over the decadence and paganism of an empire.

Another motif emerges in these chapters which has strong contemporary corollaries: the distinction between intellectual pursuits and the “common” thirst for entertainment. Claudius spends his days in his bibliotheca, studying and reading. For Claudius, the noblest pursuit is the advancement of knowledge and culture. Yet his wife, Julia, finds him utterly dull. She, on the other hand, lives for the visceral excitement of blood sport and competition. The gladiatorial games are the entertainment of the masses while the “higher” pursuits—philosophy, literature, art—are the purview of the educated elites. The parallels to modern society show that this divide has been a constant throughout the history of human civilization.

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